P benzoquinone bq

The following chemicals, graphite powder (Sigma–Aldrich, 10 mesh), sulfuric acid (Sigma–Aldrich, ACS reagent, 95.0–98.0%), hydrochloric acid (Sigma–Aldrich, ACS reagent, 37%), potassium permanganate (Fischer Scientific, ≥99%), hydrogen peroxide (Sigma–Aldrich, 30 wt% in H₂O), sodium hydroxide (Sigma–Aldrich, ACS reagent, ≥97.0%), zinc acetate dehydrate (Sigma–Aldrich, ACS reagent, ≥98%) and phosphoric acid (Sigma–Aldrich, ACS reagent, ≥85 wt% in H₂O). Scavengers p-benzoquinone (BQ), t-Butanol (TBA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na), and AgNO₃ (all Sigma–Aldrich) were used as received. Zinc hydroxyacetate was prepared by procedure presented in our previous article^{28 (link)}.

The RhB photodegradation mechanism of 15% Fe/Ti−MOFs was carried out using several scavengers. Herein, p-benzoquinone (BQ, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA), tert-butanol (TBA, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA), and EDTA-2Na (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) were used to inhibit O₂⁻, HO⁻, and h⁺ scavengers, respectively. TBA and EDTA concentrations were 1 mM, while the BQ concentration was 1 μM.

p-Benzoquinone (BQ) and 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (DMBQ) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (cat. no. B10358 and 428566, respectively). A set of four broomrape seed accessions from the parasitic seed collection of the Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC) was used to identify the allelopathic effects of benzoquinones on radicle growth, necrosis and haustorium induction. According to their morphology, host range and response to germination stimulants [43 (link),45 (link),51 ,52 (link)], the four broomrape accessions were classified in two Orobanche species: Orobanche cumana, race G collected on sunflower in Turkey and Orobanche minor population collected on red clover in France, and two French populations of Phelipanche ramosa, population 1 collected on winter oilseed rape and population 2 collected on hemp.