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2 protocols using anti cxcr4

1

HIV-1 gp120 Protein Inactivation and Signaling

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Recombinant HIV-1 gp120 protein was obtained through the AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH (Germantown, MD). The experimental control of gp120 was prepared by boiling gp120 for 10 min to inactivate its protein activity while preserving its inherent endotoxin activity. Slit2N was purchased from PreproTech, Inc. (Rocky Hill, NJ). Cocaine hydrochloride (#C5776) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO). Double distilled water was the vehicle control used for Cocaine hydrochloride. Specific inhibitors for the dopamine-4 receptor (Sonepiprazole hydrate) and the sigma-1 receptor (Metaphit methanesulfonate salt) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Anti-phospho-NFκB, anti-phospho-c-Src, anti-CCR5, anti-CXCR4, and anti-albumin antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Beverly, MA). Anti-phospho-paxillin, anti-D2-40, and anti-Robo4 antibodies were purchased from Abcam Inc. (Cambridge, MA). VEGF-C was purchased from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN). All other antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA).
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2

Protein Expression Analysis in Cell Lysates

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Cells were harvested and lysed using lysis buffer (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA) supplemented with 5 mM NaF, 2 mM Na3VO4, 1 mM PMSF (polymethilsulfonyl fluoride), 5 μg/mL leupeptine, and 5 μg/mL aprotinin. Whole-cell lysates were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred to polyvinyldene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). The antibodies used for immunoblotting included: anti-CXCR4, -E-cadherin, -N-cadherin, -Slug, -Snail, -Twist, phospho(p)-ERK, -p-Akt, -p-paxillin, -p-Src, p-β-catenin, -β-catenin, -p-GSK3-β, -caspase-9, -PARP, -GAPDH, -tubulin, and -actin antibodies (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA). Protein band quantification was obtained using Image J, as previously described. (Kovaleva et al., 2012 (link))
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