Vinyl laurate was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (TCI Europe, Zwijndrecht, Belgium). Lipase formulations: Novozym 435®, Lipozyme 435® and Novozym NS 81356 were given by Novozymes (Bagsværd, Denmark). CalB Immo Plus® was given by c-Lecta (Leipzig, Germany). CalA Immo 150, Lipase TL CLEA, Lipase CA CLEA and all other chemicals were purchased from either Carl Roth GbmH & Co. KG (Karlsruhe, Germany) or Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Taufkirchen, Germany) if not stated otherwise. The other 9 lipase formulations were acquired in the Novozymes Lipase Screening Kit purchased from Strem Chemicals (Newburyport, MA, USA).
Novozym 435
Manufactured by Novozymes
Sourced in Denmark, China, Brazil
Novozym 435 is a lipase enzyme immobilized on a macroporous resin. It is designed for use in various industrial applications, such as the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Lipozyme tl im, by Novozymes (11 mentions)
Lipozyme rm im, by Novozymes (7 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Junsei (3 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran thf, by Junsei (3 mentions)
Silica gel 60, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Lauric acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Glycerol, by Tianjin Damao (3 mentions)
E coli bl21 de3 star competent cells, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Vinyl laurate, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Lecitase ultra, by Novozymes (2 mentions)
Lipozyme calb l, by Novozymes (2 mentions)
Triolein, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tributyrin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Novozym 40086, by Novozymes (2 mentions)
Ibuprofen sodium salt, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methanol d4 degree 99.8, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Xylitol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Silica gel, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tert butyl alcohol, by Daejung Chemicals (2 mentions)
51 protocols using novozym 435
1
Lipase Enzyme Screening for Synthesis
2
Enzymatic Activity Determination in PLU
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Example 1
To determine the enzymatic activity in PLU (propyl laurate units), 1-propanol and lauric acid are mixed homogeneously in an equimolar ratio at 60° C. The reaction is started with addition of enzyme and the reaction is timed. Samples are taken from the reaction mixture at intervals, and the content of lauric acid converted is determined by means of titration with potassium hydroxide solution. Enzyme activity in PLU is found from the rate at which 1 g of the enzyme in question synthesizes 1 μmol of propyl laurate per minute at 60° C.; cf. also US20070087418, especially
The manufacturer Novozymes, for example, states 10000 PLU/g in its Novozym 435 product data sheet.
3
Enzymatic Production of Rice Bran Oil
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Soapstock from a refining process for the production of rice bran oil was donated by CJ LTE. (Seoul, Korea) . Novozym 435 from Candida antarctica, Lipozyme RM IM from Rhizomucor miehei, and Lipozyme TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus were purchased from Novozymes (Seoul, Korea) . All of the other chemicals used in the current study were purchased as the analytical grade unless otherwise noted.
4
Enzymatic Enrichment of Omega-3 Triglycerides
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Example 7
Preparation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids-Enriched Triglycerides
A mixture containing different ratios of mono-, di- and tri-glycerides obtained as in Examples 2 or 3 (after distilling off the ethyl esters and free fatty acids fractions) was reacted with n-3 fatty acid concentrates of 80% in the form of free fatty acids or in the form of FAEEs using Novozym 435 (Novozymes, Denmark), or CALB immobilized on a suitable polymeric resin. The reaction was conducted at 60° C. under vacuum to remove the formed water or ethanol from the reaction system. After reaching conversion of more than 70% of the partial glycerides that were present in the initial glyceride fraction to triglycerides, the immobilized biocatalyst was filtered off. The product typically comprised more than 70% of the total glycerides of triglycerides containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids at levels of above 60% depending on the starting fatty acids composition.
5
Enzymatic Modification of DHA-Rich Algal Oil
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Phosphatidylcholine (PC>98%), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE>80%) and phosphatidylserine (PS>50%) was purchased from Merya’s lecithin co., ltd. (Beijing, China). Refined DHA-rich algal oil from Schizochytrium sp. (DHA ≥60%) was kindly provided by Qingdao Xunon Bioengineering Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China). DHA and DHA-ME were prepared from algal oil. The 37 kinds of fatty acid methyl ester standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. (Norcross, GA). Lipozyme®CALB L (from Candida antarctica, CALB), Lipozyme® TL 100 L (from Thermomyces lanuginosus, TL100), Novocor®AD L (from Candida antarctica, ADL) Novozym®51,032 (from Aspergillus oryzae, 51,032), Resinase®HT (from Aspergillus oryzae, HT), Lecitase® Ultra (from Thermomyces lanuginosus/Fusarium oxysporum, PLA1), Novozym®435 (from Candida antarctica, 435), and Lipozyme®TL IM (from Thermomyces lanuginosus, IM) were purchased from Novozymes Biotechnology Co., LTD. (Tianjin, China). The thin-layer chromatography plates coated with silica gel G were purchased from Qingdao Ocean Chemical Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China). Other chemicals and solvents applied were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) with chromatographic and analytical grade.
6
Chemical Reagent Purchase and Characterization
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Novozym 435 was obtained from Novozymes (Copenhagen, Denmark). Lipase PS-C was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA). Sodium metal (large pieces in kerosene) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). 3,3′-Dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide (diS-C3(5)) and polymyxin B were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform (CHCl3), methanol (CH3OH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). All bacteria culture media and agars were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA). All other chemicals and solvents were purchased in the highest available purity from Sigma-Aldrich and were used without further purification.
7
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil
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Novozym 435 (lipase B from Candida Antarctica immobilized on macroporous polyacrylic resin beads) was donated by Novozymes Latin America Ltd. (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).
Soybean oil was purchased from a local market. Waste cooking oil (WCO) was donated by local restaurants (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), and it was filtrated to remove solid particles. Table 1 shows the physicochemical properties of the oils. The analyses were performed according to ASTM D664, ASTM D4052, and ASTM D445 for acidy index, density, and viscosity, respectively. Methanol (99.8%), ethanol (99.5%), and hexane P.A. were purchased from Isofar Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Ltda (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Ethyl ether P.A., sodium hidroxide P.A., anhydrous sodium sulfate, and phenolphthalein were purchased from Vetec Química Fina Ltda (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Boron trifluoride complex was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).
Soybean oil was purchased from a local market. Waste cooking oil (WCO) was donated by local restaurants (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), and it was filtrated to remove solid particles. Table 1 shows the physicochemical properties of the oils. The analyses were performed according to ASTM D664, ASTM D4052, and ASTM D445 for acidy index, density, and viscosity, respectively. Methanol (99.8%), ethanol (99.5%), and hexane P.A. were purchased from Isofar Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Ltda (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Ethyl ether P.A., sodium hidroxide P.A., anhydrous sodium sulfate, and phenolphthalein were purchased from Vetec Química Fina Ltda (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Boron trifluoride complex was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).
8
Enzymatic Modification of Echium Oil
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Echium oil was acquired to Harke Nutrition (Mülheim and der Ruhr, Germany). The fatty acid profile of the oil was comprised of palmitic acid (7%), stearic acid (4%), oleic acid (15%), linoleic acid (15%), gamma-linolenic acid (12%), alpha-linolenic acid (33%), and stearidonic acid (14%). The balance of the oil (1%) consisted of other minor fatty acids. Monoolein (99%), diolein (99%), triolein (99%), oleic acid (C18:1) (99%), and limonene were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). All solvents utilized were HPLC grade acquired to Lab Scan (Giliwice, Poland). Novozym® 435 and Lipozyme® RM IM were a gift from Novozymes A/S (Bagsvaerd, Denmark). Lipase PLG (from Alcaligenes sp. immobilized on granulated diatomaceous earth) and not immobilized Lipase SL [from Pseudomonas (Burkholderia) cepacia] were purchased from Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Monoolein food grade DIMODAN® MO 90/D was purchased from Danisco (DuPont NHIB Iberica S.L., Barcelona, Spain).
9
Lipase-Catalyzed Ester Synthesis Protocol
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Solid CrL preparation (Lipase AY “Amano” 30SD, ≥30,000 U/g, Amano LMAP method at pH 7.0) was sourced from Amano Enzyme Inc. (Japan) and used without further purification. This preparation contained 18.4 ± 0.4 mg protein/g (Lowry assay, Section 2.4 ). Novozym® 435 (11 100 Propyl Laurate Units/g) was purchased from Novozymes® (Denmark). This preparation contained 81.8 ± 3.1 mg bound protein/g dry support (elemental analysis, Section 2.5 ). The support resins Lifetech™ ECR8806 M (octadecyl methacrylate, C18 M) and Lifetech™ ECR1090 M (macroporous styrene) were purchased from Purolite® Life Sciences (Purolite Corporation, UK). Tributyrin (glyceryl tributyrate, ≥99 %) and triolein (glyceryl trioleate, ∼65 %) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich® (USA). All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade or higher.
10
Enzyme-catalyzed Organic Synthesis in Silica Matrix
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Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA, 97%) and Bengal Rose (85%) were purchased from Acros Organics. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 98%), polyethylene glycol 35 000 (PEG), levulinic acid (98%), lipase B from Candida antarctica , 3aminopropyltrimetoxysilane and n-octyltrietoxysilane were obtained from Sigma Aldrich.
Glutaraldehyde (GLA, 25%) was from Avantor Performance Materials (Poland). Novozym 435 was kindly provided by Novozymes.
Glutaraldehyde (GLA, 25%) was from Avantor Performance Materials (Poland). Novozym 435 was kindly provided by Novozymes.
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