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Econo uv monitor

Manufactured by Bio-Rad
Sourced in Canada, United States

The Econo UV Monitor is a compact and efficient device designed to continuously monitor the ultraviolet (UV) absorbance of liquids flowing through a chromatography system. It provides real-time data on the UV absorption of the sample, which can be used to identify the presence and concentration of specific compounds. The Econo UV Monitor is a reliable and versatile tool for various applications in analytical and preparative chromatography.

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50 protocols using econo uv monitor

1

Polysome Profiling of Cellular Lysates

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Cells lysate was prepared as described previously32 (link). Lysate containing 15 μg total RNA was loaded on to 10-50% linear sucrose gradients containing 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM DTT, 100 μg/ml cycloheximide, and 2 U/ml SUPERase In RNase Inhibitor and sedimented by ultracentrifugation at 36,000 rpm for 2 hr at 4 °C with SW41 rotor (Beckman Coulter). Gradients were fractionated using Gradient station (Biocomp). UV absorbance was detected by ECONO UV monitor (Biorad).
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2

Polysome Extraction and Analysis from Plant Roots

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Polysomes were extracted from root tissue (0.3 g), which was flash frozen, ground in a mortar and pestle with liquid N2, and thawed in polysome extraction buffer (Chotewutmontri, Stiffler, Watkins, & Barkan, 2018) with modifications (50 mM Tris‐acetate (pH 8), 0.2 M KCl, 15 mM MgCl2, 0.2 M sucrose, 2 µg/ml pepstatin, 1 tablet/10 ml protease inhibitor, 2% polyoxyethylene‐10‐tridecyl ether, 1% Triton X‐100, 20 mM β‐mercaptoethanol, 3 mM DTT, 0.5 mg/ml heparin, 100 µg/ml chloramphenicol, 100 µg/ml cycloheximide). The homogenate was passed through a 40 µ filter followed by centrifugation at 4,700 g for 1 min at 4°C. The supernatant was collected and centrifuged at 21k g for 5 min at 4°C and centrifugation was repeated twice. The polysome extract was either used for fractionation immediately or flash frozen and stored at −80°C. The extract was layered onto 25%–65% sucrose gradient (50 mM Tris acetate (pH 8), 50 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl2, 100 μg/ml cycloheximide, 100 μg/mL chloramphenicol) and centrifuged in a SW41 rotor (Beckman Coulter) at 35k g, 4°C, for 9 hr. Polysomes were fractionated using a Piston Gradient Fractionator (BioComp) equipped with a Econo UV monitor (Bio‐Rad) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Data were acquired using WinDAQ software (DATAQ Instruments).
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3

Ribosome Profiling of YTHDC2 Knockdown

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We followed the reported protocols with the following modifications (31 (link), 32 (link)). CNE2-IRR cells were transduced with shCON, shYTHDC2_1#, and shYTHDC2_3# lentivirus and selected with puromycin (1 μg/ml). Before collection, cycloheximide (CHX) was added to the culture media at 100 mg/mL for 5 min. Fifty million cells from each group were harvested, rinsed in cold PBS with 100 mg/mL CHX, and quickly frozen in dry ice before lysis. The lysis buffer was formulated as 20 mM HEPES (pH7.6), One hundred mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 100 mg/ml CHX, 1% Triton X-100, with freshly added 1:100 protease inhibitor (Roche) and 40 U/ml SUPERasin (Ambion). The sample was then fractionated into 24 fractions (0.5 mL per fraction) and analyzed by Gradient Station (BioCamp) equipped with ECONOUV monitor (BioRad, Hercules, CA) and Gilson FC203B fraction collector (Mandel Scientific, Guelph, Canada). RNA was purified from whole cell, 40S, 60S, 80S, and Polysome fractions and subjected to qPCR analysis. Expression of IGF1R in each fraction was normalized to TUBULIN as well as Input.
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4

Polysome Profiling of Breast Cancer Cells

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Polysome profiling was performed by following a procedure reported previously (Shi et al., 2017 (link)). MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231Br, YTHDF3 knockdown, and control 4T1 cells were analyzed with polysome profiling. Samples were fractionated and monitored by Gradient Station (BioCamp) equipped with an ECONO UV monitor (Bio-Rad) and fraction collector (FC203B, Gilson). The fractions were categorized and used to isolated total RNA for real-time PCR analysis.
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5

Polysome Analysis and Western Blotting

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Polysome analysis was performed as described previously [45 (link)]. After ultra-centrifugation, the mixture was fractionated and absorbance at 260 nm was recorded using a BioComp Piston Gradient Fractionator equipped with a Bio-Rad Econo UV Monitor. The corresponding fractions were further subjected to western blotting.
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6

Polysome Profiling of HeLa Cells

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HeLa cells were subjected to 48 hr knockdown and treated with cycloheximide (CHX) at 100 µg ml−1 for 2 min before collection. Cells were pelleted, lysed on ice, and centrifuged. The supernatant (~1.2 ml) was collected and loaded onto a 10/50%w/v sucrose gradient prepared in a lysis buffer without Triton X-100. The gradients were centrifuged at 4°C for 4 hr at 27,500 rpm (Beckman, rotor SW28). The sample was then fractioned and analyzed by Gradient Station (BioCamp) equipped with an ECONO UV monitor (BioRad) and fraction collector (FC203B, Gilson). The fractions were categorized and used for western blotting or pooled to isolate total RNA by TRIzol reagent for RT–PCR and mRNA for LC-MS/MS test.
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7

Ribosome Fractionation by Sucrose Gradient

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The fraction of ribosome was separated by centrifugation in a sucrose gradient. Cells pretreated with 100 μg/ml cycloheximide were lysed in 1 ml lysis buffer (10 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 150 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 100 μg ml–1 CHX, 0.5% Triton-X-100, freshly add 1:100 protease inhibitor, 40 U ml–1 SUPERasin). After centrifugation at 15,000 g for 15 min, the supernatant was separated by 5/50% w/v sucrose gradient at 4 °C for 4 h at 140, 000 g (Beckman, rotor SW28). The sample was then fractioned and analyzed by Gradient Station (BioCamp) equipped with ECONO UV monitor (BioRad) and fraction collector (FC203B, Gilson). The fractions resulting from sucrose gradient were used for RNA extraction and qRT-PCR.
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8

Profiling Ribosomes Bound to IGF2BP Proteins

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We followed the procedure reported previously 14 (link) with the following modifications. We started with one 15 cm dish of confluent HEK293T cells transiently overexpressing Flag tagged IGF2BP (1, or 2, or 3) or infected with lentiviral shRNA targeting IGF2BP1. Before collection, cycloheximide (CHX) was added to the media at 100 μg/ml for 7 min. The lysis buffer was formulated as 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.6, 100 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 100 μg/ml CHX, 1% Triton-X-100, freshly added 1:100 protease inhibitor (Roche), 40 U/ml SUPERasin (Ambion). The sample was then fractioned into 30 fractions, 0.5 ml per fraction, and analyzed by Gradient Station (BioCamp) equipped with ECONOUV monitor (BioRad, Hercules, CA) and Gilson FC203B fraction collector (Mandel Scientific, Guelph, Canada). Sample from each fraction was subjected to western blot analysis for Flag (A5892, Sigma-Aldrich), eIF3A (#3411, CST), eIF3B (sc-16377, Santa Cruz) and HuR (A-21277, Molecular Probes), or to qPCR analysis of MYC transcript.
For detection of endogenous IGF2BP proteins in ribosomal fractions, three 15 cm dishes of HepG2 cells at ~80% confluency were harvested as described above. Sample from each fraction was subjected to western blot analysis for IGF2BP1, IGF2BP2, and IGF2BP3.
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9

Ribosomal subunit profiling in bacteria

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Frozen cell pellets (see above) were resuspended and lysed as previously described [13 (link), 52 (link)]. After lysis, equivalent amounts of the cleared lysates were loaded onto 10-40% sucrose gradients [52 (link)] containing 50mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 10mM MgCl2 and 100mM KCl. Ribosomal peaks (30S, 50S, and 70S) were separated by centrifugation (Beckman SW-41 rotor) at 25,000 rpm, 4°C for 16 hrs. The sucrose gradients were analyzed using a Biocomp Piston Gradient Fractionator and Biocomp Model 251 Gradient Profiler. Ribosomal RNA concentrations were measured in real-time using a Bio-Rad Econo UV Monitor. The profiles were analyzed using Image J to calculate the area under the peaks. The peaks were labeled end-to-end for consistency and area for each peak was calculated. The area was represented as a fraction of total (all peak areas for each sample) and plotted as bar graphs. Three biological replicates were used in the analysis and standard deviation was calculated. A Welch’s unpaired t-test was done to determine significance in differences between strains [38 ].
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10

Ribosome Profiling of Bacillus subtilis

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Early exponential phase cultures of B. subtilis strains grown in LB medium were treated with heat shock at 48 °C or 48 °C/53 °C for 15 min each. Samples of 50 mL were supplemented with 50 μg mL-1 chloramphenicol to stall translation and harvested by centrifugation at 4,000 x g for 10 min at 4 °C. Cells were resuspended in 25 mM HEPES-KOH, pH 7.5, 150 mM KOAc, 25 mM Mg(OAc)2, 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), n-Decyl−β−D-thiomaltopyranoside (DTM), 5% (w/v) sucrose) and lysed by sonication. The lysate was cleared by centrifugation at 16,000 x g for 15 min at 4 °C. 10 OD260 units were loaded on a 10 mL 5–45% (w/v) sucrose gradient prepared in the same buffer, run in a SW-40 Ti rotor (Beckman Coulter) at 57,471 x g for 16.5 h and analyzed using a Gradient Station (Biocomp) with an Econo UV Monitor (Bio-Rad).
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