Immunofluorescence: mTOR (Cell Signaling Technology, rabbit, 1:50), LC3 (Nanotools, mouse, 1:50), LAMP2 (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank at the University of Iowa, rat, GL2A7, 1:25), vimentin (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank at the University of Iowa, mouse, 1:50), CG1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, rabbit, 1:50), LTA (Vector Laboratories), Ki-67 (Vector Laboratories, rabbit, 1:50), and pH3 (Cell Signaling Technology, mouse, 1:50).
Western blot: CTGF-specific antibody (GeneTex, 1:1000), rabbit antibody to CG1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, 1:500), mouse antibody to LC3 (Nanotools, 1:500), rabbit antibody to extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) (Cell Signaling, 1:1000), rabbit antibody to Raptor (Cell Signaling, 1:500), rabbit antibody to TGF-β (Cell Signaling, 1:500), Na+/K+-ATPase (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank at the University of Iowa, mouse, 1:50), and rabbit antibody to β-actin (Sigma, 1:5000).