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14 protocols using beta mark tcr vβ repertoire kit

1

Profiling PBMC Immunophenotype and TCR

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Cell surface markers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogens, and the amount of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) were determined as previously described (23 (link)). The analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ expression were determined according to manufacturer's manual (Beta Mark TCR Vβ Repertoire Kit, Beckman Coulter).
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2

Analyzing T-cell Repertoire in CAR T-cells

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Genomic DNA from pre-infusion CART-PSMA-TGFβRDN cells and sorted post-infusion CAR T-cells was isolated using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen). Initial flow cytometric assessment the T-cell repertoire by flow cytometry was conducted using the Beta Mark TCRVβ repertoire kit and Kaluza analysis software (Beckman Coulter Life Sciences). Subsequent TCRVβ deep sequencing was carried out by immunoSEQ (Adaptive Biotechnologies). Only productive TCR rearrangements were used in the evaluation of clonotype frequencies.
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3

Lymphocyte Subset Profiling by Flow Cytometry

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Cell surface markers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured by flow cytometry (NAVIOS; Beckman Coulter) with immunofluorescent staining using anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti CD8, anti-CD19, anti-CD16, and anti-CD56 antibodies (Beckman Coulter). T-cell receptor (TCR) v-β expression was determined as directed by the manufacturer (Beta Mark TCR v-β Repertoire Kit; Beckman Coulter). Reference range for lymphocyte subsets in adults were taken from Apoil et al. (15 (link))
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4

Lymphocyte Proliferation and NK Cell Degranulation

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Lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogens and the amount of TCR excision circles were determined as previously described (Amariglio et al., 2010 (link)). Proliferative response was measured by labeling PBMCs with 2.5 mM CFSE (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 7-aminoactinomycin D (BD Biosciences), PacB anti-CD3 (SK7; Biolegend), PE anti-CD25 (M-A251; BD Biosciences), APC-H7 anti-CD8 (SK1; BD Biosciences), and BV711 anti-CD4 (SK3; BD Biosciences) 4 d after stimulation. Activation response was determined by CD25 levels in stimulated PBMCs. The analysis of TCR Vβ expression was determined according to manufacturer’s manual (Beta Mark TCR Vβ Repertoire Kit; Beckman Coulter). NK degranulation was assessed by CD107a surface staining without stimulation (medium-cultured cells) and 3 h after stimulation with K562 cells at a ratio of 1:1 as previously described (Bryceson et al., 2012 (link)). The erythroleukemic cell line K562 (CCL-243; ATCC) was used as a target cell line. NK cells were cultured in medium containing 600 U/ml IL-2 (Novartis) for 48 h to assess the degranulation of activated NK cells. For surface staining, the following antibodies were used: PacB anti-CD3 (SK7; Biolegend), APC-H7 anti-CD8 (SK1; BD Biosciences), FITC anti-CD56 (NCAM16.2; BD Biosciences), and PE anti-CD107a (H4A3; BD Biosciences).
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5

Comprehensive Immunological Assay Protocol

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RPMI 1640 was from Lifetechnologies. X-Vivo15 media was supplied by Lonza. aCD3, aCD4, aCD8 (recognizing the α chain), aCD28, aCD45RO, aCD56, aCCR7, a-IL17, aTCRα24-Jα18 (clone: 6B11), cytokine secretion assays for IFNγ and IL-4, a-fibroblast microbeads and Cytostim were purchased from Miltenyi. Collagenase, Hyaluronidase and DNAse were all from Sigma-Aldrich. aCD45 and aCD38 were from Immunotools. CFDA-SE was purchased from Molecular Probes/Invitrogen. Intra staining Kit, aCD16, aCD8β and aCD3 were from Beckton Dickinson. aCXCR5 was supplied by R&D Systems and aIL21 was from ebioscience. The Beta Mark TCRVβ Repertoire Kit was supplied by Beckman Coulter. The antibodies were used in different conjugates of FITC, PE, PerCp, APC, APC-Vio770 and PE-Cy7.
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6

TCR-Vβ Profiling in Patient PBMCs

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The surface expression of T-cell receptors (TCRs) with variable gene from the β-chain in PBMCs isolated from patients’ blood were determined and quantified using flow cytometry (NAVIOS, Beckman Coulter). The analysis of TCR-Vβ expression were determined according to manufacturer’s manual (Beta Mark TCR-Vβ repertoire kit, Beckman Coulter). We compared the results to healthy control values provided by the kit (n = 58).
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7

Profiling T Cell Receptor Diversity

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The TCR Vβ repertoire diversity of the expanded T cells was determined using a panel of 24 TCR Vβ-specific antibodies (Beta Mark TCR Vβ Repertoire Kit; IM3497; Beckman Coulter). After staining, cells were analyzed with a C6 Accuri Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences).
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8

Comprehensive Cell Surface and Intracellular Staining

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For surface staining, cells were washed in PBS supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum and stained with the appropriate antibodies for 30 min at 4 °C in the dark. The dilutions of antibodies are provided in Supplementary Table 3. After the surface staining, the cells were washed, and 1 µg/ml propidium iodide (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to exclude dead cells. To access the TCR Vβ repertoire, the Beta Mark TCR Vβ Repertoire Kit (IM3497, Beckman Coulter) was used. For intracellular staining, reagents (Fixation Buffer, Cell Staining Buffer, and Permeabilization Buffer) and True-Nuclear Transcription Factor Buffer set purchased from BioLegend were used. Data were acquired on an LSRFortessa (BD) or FACSAria flow cytometer (BD) and analyzed with FlowJo software (Tree Star).
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9

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping

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High sensitivity multiparameter flow cytometric immunophenotyping was performed with a FACS Canto 10-color instrument (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) using the following antibodies: CD45-V500C (2D1, BD Biosciences), CD3-PC7 (UCHT1, Beckman-Coulter, Miami, FL), CD2-BV421 (RPA-2.10, BD Horizon, San Jose, CA), CD5-APC (L17F12, BD Biosciences), CD7-BB515 (M-T701, BD Horizon), CD4-APC-A700 (13B8.2, Beckman-Coulter), CD8-APC-H7 (SK1, BD Biosciences), CD56-PE (N901, Beckman-Coulter), CD26-PerCP-Cy5.5 (BA5B, BioLegend, San Diego, CA) and CD279 (PD-1)-BV605 (EH12.2H7, BioLegend). At least 200,000 cells were acquired and at least 20 events were required for a positive result. The data was analyzed using custom software (“Woodlist,” gift of B.L. Wood, University of Washington, Seattle, WA). Abnormal T cell populations were identified by visual assessment based on aberrant antigen expression. Median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of markers was evaluated. Abnormal populations were considered “dim” or “bright” for a given marker if the fluorescent intensity was ≥1/3 log different from that of corresponding internal normal CD4+ T cells. In select cases, clonality of T cell populations was assessed with a Beta Mark TCR Vβ Repertoire Kit (Beckman-Coulter) using a modified, single-tube method as described previously (25 (link)).
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10

Degranulation and Apoptosis Assays for Engineered T Cells

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Antibodies used in this study are listed in online supplemental table S1. Cells were stained according to the manufacturer’s instructions. To detect the expression of the lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1/CD107a) (as a surrogate marker for degranulation) on the surface of CD8+ T-cells, effector cells were incubated for 24 hours with target tumor cells in the presence of monensin (Monensin Solution 1000X, eBioscience) and the CD107a antibody. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) + ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich) were used as control inducers of CD107a expression. The determination of apoptotic cells was performed with a standard Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) (BD Biosciences) staining according to the manufacturer’s instructions. TCR Vβ repertoire of TCR-engineered T cells in vivo was analyzed by flow cytometry with antibodies from the Beta Mark TCR Vβ Repertoire Kit (Beckman Coulter) directed against 19 individual TCR/Vβ chains. Flow cytometry acquisitions were performed on a FACSCanto II and BD FACSLyric (BD Biosciences), and data were analyzed with FlowJo_V10 software (Tree Star).
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