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7 protocols using active caspase 3 antibody

1

Apoptosis Assessment by Flow Cytometry

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Cells were seeded at 200,000 cells per well of 6 well dishes on the day prior to treatment and adhered overnight. For time course experiments, drugs were added in a manner such that all samples were collected at the same time. Post treatment, cells were collected and fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 15 minutes. After two washes with PBS, cells were exposed to 100% methanol at −20°C for >2 hours. Cells were washed with PBS and incubated with the active caspase-3 antibody (1:500 dilution, BD Biosciences) in a 50/50 (v/v) PBS-T:Odyssey blocking buffer solution (LICOR). Cells were washed with PBS-T and incubated with the Alexa-fluor 647 cleaved PARP primary and Alexa-fluor 488 goat anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (1:500 dilution, BD Bioscience) overnight at room temperature. FACS samples were run on an LSR II machine with excitation lasers of 488 and 640 nm.
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2

Quantifying Apoptosis via Caspase-3 Activity

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Caspase activity was measured using an active caspase-3 antibody (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, http://www.bdbiosciences.com). In brief, cells were washed once in PBS, then fixed and permeabilized using the Cytofix/Cytoperm (BD Biosciences) for 20 min at room temperature, pelleted and washed with Perm/Wash™ buffer (BD Bioscience). Cells were subsequently stained with the FITC rabbit anti-active caspase-3 antibody (BD Bioscience). Cells were then washed and resuspended in BD Perm/Wash™ buffer before analysis by flow cytometry.
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3

Histological and Immunofluorescence Analysis of Zebrafish Embryos

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For histological analysis, zebrafish embryos at 48 hpf and 72 hpf were fixed overnight in 4% PFA at 4 °C, dehydrated with a graded ethanol, processed in xylene and embedded in paraffin. Cross section (6 μm) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin using a standard protocol44 (link). For whole mount immunofluorescence staining, zebrafish embryos at 48 hpf were fixed overnight in 4% PFA and dehydrated with methanol. Zebrafish embryos were permeabilized in acetone for 7 min at −20 °C and washed in water, followed by several washes in PBST. After blocking for 30 min in 2% horse serum, zebrafish embryos were incubated with active caspase-3 antibody (BD Biosciences) or p-histone H3 antibody (Millipore) at 4 °C overnight. On the next day zebrafish embryos were incubated with Alexa Fluor 568-conjugated secondary antibody (Invitrogen). Cryosection was performed as described previously45 (link).
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4

Granzyme B-Mediated Apoptosis Induction

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Recombinant human granzyme B (Enzo Life Sciences, New York, NY, USA) was mixed with BioPORTER QuikEase Protein Delivery Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). 1 × 105 cells per well were plated in 12-well plates and cultured overnight at 37 °C. Cells were washed, and 100 ng of granzyme B in Opti-MEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was added to each well. After incubation for 4 h at 37 °C, the frequency of apoptotic cells was determined by staining with active caspase-3 antibody (BD Biosciences) and examined by flow cytometry as shown gating strategy in Supplementary Figure S1.
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5

Apoptosis Assay for Single Cells

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Organoids were dissociated into single cells with TrypLE Express (37 °C, 5 min) and cells were collected by centrifugation (2000rpm, 2 min). Cells were incubated in PBS with LIVE/DEAD stain (ThermoFisher) (10 min on ice), washed in FACS buffer (1% FBS in PBS), fixed in 0.5% PFA (37 °C, 15 min), permeabilised in 70% ethanol (10 min on ice), washed in FACS buffer, stained with Active Caspase-3 antibody (BD 560626) (30 min), washed and then resuspended in FACS buffer. Cells were analysed using LSRFortessa Cell Analyzer (BD Biosciences) and data analysed in FlowJo.
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6

Apoptosis Assessment by Flow Cytometry

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Cells were seeded at 200,000 cells per well of 6 well dishes on the day prior to treatment and adhered overnight. For time course experiments, drugs were added in a manner such that all samples were collected at the same time. Post treatment, cells were collected and fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 15 minutes. After two washes with PBS, cells were exposed to 100% methanol at −20°C for >2 hours. Cells were washed with PBS and incubated with the active caspase-3 antibody (1:500 dilution, BD Biosciences) in a 50/50 (v/v) PBS-T:Odyssey blocking buffer solution (LICOR). Cells were washed with PBS-T and incubated with the Alexa-fluor 647 cleaved PARP primary and Alexa-fluor 488 goat anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (1:500 dilution, BD Bioscience) overnight at room temperature. FACS samples were run on an LSR II machine with excitation lasers of 488 and 640 nm.
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7

Caspase-3 Activation Analysis

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At 24 hpf, embryos were binned based on genotypic differences in morphology and processed into single-cell suspensions, as described above. After the first spin at 900 g, the pellet was resuspended in 100 µl 4% PFA and fixed for 15 min at room temperature. Cells were washed with 1× D-PBS and permeabilized in a saponin-based wash buffer (0.1% saponin/1% BSA/D-PBS) for 15 min at room temperature. Cells were incubated with active caspase-3 antibody (BD Biosciences) at a 1:500 dilution in saponin-based wash buffer for 30 min at room temperature. Secondary antibody incubations were performed at 1:1000 (goat anti-rabbit AlexaFluor-594) for 30 min in the dark. Cells were resuspended in wash buffer and analyzed by flow cytometry using a BD LSRII-Yellow Analyzer. Quantitations were made using FlowJo 10.3 beta software.
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