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7 protocols using ethyl 2 methylbutanoate

1

Comprehensive Flavor Compound Reference Protocol

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Reference standards (+) -β-Pinene (≥98.5%), 1-Octen-3-ol, borneol (≥95%), butyric acid (≥99.5%), citral (≥95%), cis-3-hexen-1-ol (≥98%), diacetyl, dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl trisulphide (≥98.5%), 3-methylbutanal (≥97%), 2-methylbutanal (≥95%), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (99%), ethyl 2-methylpentanoate (internal standard, ≥99%), ethyl-3-methylbutanoate (≥98%), 3-methylbutyl-2-methylpropanoate (≥98%), 2-methylbutyl-2-methylpropanoate (≥95%), and ethyl cinnamate (99%), ethyl 2-methylpropanoate (≥99%), ethyl 3-methylbutanoate (≥98%), ethyl 4-methylpentanoate (≥97%), ethyl butanoate (≥99,5%), ethyl hexanoate (≥99.5%), eugenol (99.6%), furaneol (≥99%), geraniol (≥99%), hexanol (≥99%), 3-methylbutyl acetate (≥97%), linalool (97%), menthol (99%), methyl nonanoate (≥99.8%), myrcene (≥90%), geranyl acetate (≥97%), dimethyl disulphide (≥90%), limonene (97%), hexanal (≥98%), 3-hexenol (≥95%), 2-phenyl ethanol (≥99%), β-caryophyllene (≥80%), α-humulene (≥96%), humulene oxide, S-methyl 5-methylpentanthioate S-methyl hexanthioate, S-methyl 4-methylpentanoate and theaspirane (≥90%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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2

GC-MS and GC-FID Analysis of Organic Compounds

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The following compounds were used as authentic standards in the GC-MS and GC-FID assays. Ethyl propanoate (99% purity), 2,3-butanediol isomers (98%), ethyl 2-methylpropanoate (≥ 98%), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (≥ 98%), n-propyl 2-methylpropanoate (≥ 97%), 4-heptanone (98%), 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (≥ 99.6%), diethyl succinate (99%), 2-bornanone (≥ 97%), methyl dodecanoate (≥ 98%), ethyl dodecanoate (≥ 98%), methyl tetradecanoate (≥ 98%), ethyl tetradecanoate (99%), ethyl (Z)-9-tetradecenoate (97%), ethyl hexadecanoate (≥ 99%), ethyl (Z)-9-octadecenoate (98%) and n-hexane (≥ 97%) were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethyl (Z)-9-hexadecenoate and ethyl (E)-9-octadecenoate, N-(2-methylbutyl)acetamide, N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide, N-(2-methylbutyl)propanamide, N-(3-methylbutyl)propanamide, N-(2-methylbutyl)-2-methylpropanamide and N-(3-methylbutyl)-2-methylpropanamide, all at ≥ 98.0% purity (by GC), were synthesised previously [53 (link), 55 (link)].
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3

Analytical Standards for Food Flavor Profiling

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Authentic standards were obtained from the following sources. Ethyl acetate (≥97%), ethyl 2-methylpropanoate (≥97%), ethyl butanoate (≥97%), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (≥97%), 3-methylbutyl acetate (≥97%), 2-heptanone (≥97%), 3-methyl-1-butanol (≥97%), E-2-hexenal (≥97%), ethyl hexanoate (≥97%), ethyl 2-methylcrotonat (≥97%), 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-Octatriene (≥97%), phenyl ethylene (≥97%), ethyl 3-hexenoate (≥97%), 2-heptanol (≥97%), ethyl heptanoate (≥97%), ethyl E-2-hexenoate (≥97%), hexanol (≥97%), 2-nonanone (≥97%), nonanal (≥97%), etheyl Octanoat (≥97%), acetic Acid (≥97%), 2-nonanol (≥97%), benzaldehyde (≥97%), 2,6,6,10-tetramethyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-9-ene (≥97%), 2-undecanone (≥97%), caryophyllene (≥97%), butyric acid (≥97%), 3-methylbutanoic acid (≥97%), ethyl benzoate (≥97%), hexanoic acid (≥97%), α-ionone (≥97%), α-iononol (≥97%), E-3-hexenoic acid (≥97%), heptanoic acid (≥97%), octanoic acid (≥97%), ethyl cinnamate (≥97%), eugenol (≥97%), sucrose (99%), fructose (99%), glucose (99%), malic acid (99%), sodium chloride (≥ 99.5%), and a homologous series of alkanes (C6–C30) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All of them were analytical reagents. Distilled water was purchased from Shanghai Titan Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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4

Aroma Compound Characterization Protocol

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1,4-Cineole (98%), 1-decanol (99.9%), 1-hexanol (99.9%), 1-octanol (≥99%), 2-heptanone (99%), 2-nonanone (97%), 2-undecanone (97%), 3-hexen-1-ol (98%), 5-methyl-2-furfural, benzaldehyde (≥99.5%), camphor (99%), decanal (95%), diethyl succinate (≥99%), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (99%), ethyl butanoate (99%), ethyl decanoate (≥98%), ethyl heptanoate (≥98%), ethyl hexanoate (99%), ethyl isobutanoate (≥98%), ethyl isovalerate (98%), ethyl nonanoate (≥98%), ethyl octanoate (99%), eucalyptol (99%), furfural (99%), hexyl acetate (98%), isoamyl acetate (≥99%), isoamyl alcohol (98%), limonene (99%), linalool oxide (97%), nonanal (≥95%), octanal (≥98%), phenylacetaldehyde (90%), phenylethyl acetate (99%), phenylethyl alcohol (99%), tartaric acid (≥99.5%), α-pinene (99%)), β-cyclocitral (90%), β-damascenone (≥98%), α-ionone (85%), and β-linalool (80%) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). Ethanol (99.9%) was purchased from ERBA Reagents (Val de Reuil, France).
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5

Analytical Standards for Food Aroma Profiling

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Dichloromethane and anhydrous sodium sulfate were purchased from VWR (Darmstadt, Germany) whereas sulfuric acid and sodium carbonate were from Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). The reference substances were obtained from the following suppliers: acetic acid, 2-phenylethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol (isoamyl alcohol), hexanoic acid, phenylacetic acid, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, γ-decalactone, γ-undecalactone, 2-methylbutanoic acid and 3-(methylthio)-propanal (methional) were from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany), butanoic acid and ethyl butanoate from Fluka (Steinheim, Germany), 2-methylpropanoic acid (isobutanoic acid) from SAFC (Steinheim, Germany), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin) from ABCR (Karlsruhe, Germany). The isotopically labeled standards were purchased from the following suppliers given in parentheses: 3,4-2H2-3-methyl-1-butanol (2H2−isoamyl alcohol), 1,3,4,5,6-2H5-2-phenylethanol, 3-(methyl-2H3-thio)-propanal (2H3-methional), 5,5,6,6-2H4-y-decalactone, 6,7-2H2-y-undecalactone (Aromalab, Freising, Germany), 6,6,6-2H3-hexanoic acid, 3,3,3-2H3-2-methylpropanoic acid (2H3-isobutanoic acid), and 2H6-ethanol (CDN Isotopes, Pointe-Claire, Quebec, Canada), 1,2-13C2-butanoic acid, α,β-13C2–phenylacetic acid, 13C1-acetic acid, and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-13C6−benzaldehyde (13C6-vanillin) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany).
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6

Characterizing Odorant Compounds

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The following odorants were obtained commercially: linalool and (R)-linalool (Fluka, Neu-Ulm, Germany); ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl methylpropanoate, geraniol, methyl 2-methylbutanoate, (S)-methyl 2-methylbutanoate, and myrcene (Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany); and propyl 2-methylbutanoate (TCI, Eschborn, Germany).
The following chemicals were purchased from commercial sources: liquid nitrogen (Linde, Munich, Germany) and diethyl ether, ethanol, and anhydrous sodium sulphate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
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7

Characterization of Ester and Acid Compounds

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The following reference compounds were purchased from commercial sources: ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl methylpropanoate, 2methylbutanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and methylpropanoic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany).
The following chemicals were obtained commercially: calcium chloride dihydrate, diethyl ether, ethanol, anhydrous sodium sulfate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany); L-ascorbic acid (Sigma-Aldrich); and argon, helium, hydrogen, and nitrogen (Westfalen, Münster, Germany).
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