Water was purified using a
Milli-Qpurification apparatus(Millipore, Milford, MA, USA). HPLC-grade acetonitrile (CH
3CN) was purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid (HCOOH), ammonium formate (HCOONH
4), malic acid,
oxaloacetic acid,
succinic acid,
citric acid,
fumaric acid,
α-ketoglutaric acid,
phthalic acid,
oxalic acid,
propanedioic acid, and 5-methylcytidine (5-mrC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich(St Louis,MO,USA).5-Methyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5-mdC), 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC), 5-hydroxym ethylcytidine (5-hmrC), 5-methyl-D
3-2′-deoxycytidine ([D
3]5-mdC), 5-hydroxymethyl-D
3-2′-deoxycytidine ([D
3]5-hmdC) and 5-hydro xymethyl-
13CD
2-cytidine ([
13CD
2]5-hmrC) were purchased from Toronto Research Chemical (Toronto, Canada). 5-Methyl-
13C
5-cytidine ([
13C
5]5-mrC) was synthesized previously [22 (
link)]. Stock solutions of standards and isotope-labeled internal standards (IS) were prepared at a concentration of 1 mM in water and stored at ‒ 80 °C until use.
Guo C., Xie C., Chen Q., Cao X., Guo M., Zheng S, & Wang Y. (2018). A novel malic acid-enhanced method for the analysis of 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine, 5-methylcytidine and 5-hydroxymethylcytidine in human urine using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Analytica chimica acta, 1034, 110-118.