240c elemental analytical instrument

The percent composition of the native cellulose oxidized cellulose and DiGu.MC samples were determined on a Perkin–Elmer 240C Elemental Analytical Instrument (USA). To investigate the successive functionalization of the substrate cellulosic fibers until he DiGu-MC is obtained, an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) supported Perkin–Elmer Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer (USA) was utilized. The surface morphology of the samples was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (FEI Quanta-200 FEI Company, The Netherlands). The fibers were sputtered and coated with gold before examinations. The concentrations of heavy metals in the solutions before and after removal experiments were quantified by Agilent's 5100ICP-OES (Agilent technologies. Melbourne, Australia). The TGA and DTA were recorded using Thermo analyzer Shimatzu DT40 (Japan) within a temperature range between 30 and 800 °C with 5 °C temperature break and under 20 mL/min flow rate of N₂. The surface area of the modified cellulose was determined using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis.

A Perkin–Elmer 240C Elemental Analytical Instrument was utilized in performing C, H, and N elemental analyses. Palladium and chloride were estimated using the digestion method.
⁴⁰ Infrared spectroscopy was completed on a Perkin–Elmer spectrometer. NMR spectra were obtained on Oxford 500 MHz instrument with samples in DMSO‐d₆. Morphological structures were studied by scanning electron microscope (FEI Co.). The mass spectra were obtained by Agilent‐7800 ICP‐MS. Surface area measurement was performed by BET technique using a Micromeritics ASAP 2010 instrument. The amounts of cations were measured the using Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP‐AES; ICPS‐7500, Shimadzu, Japan).