In the derivation cohort, six biomarkers were measured by ELISA: IL-1R2, CRP, PCT, sTREM-1, calprotectin (Abcam) as well as S100A9 (Biolegend). In the external validation cohort, plasma concentrations of IL-1R2 (Abcam) and sTREM-1 (R&D Systems) were measured by ELISA. Samples were tested and analyzed per the manufacturers’ instructions.
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