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7 protocols using piperidine

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Fluorescent Compounds

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3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone, malononitrile, methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and 3-quinolinecarboxaldehyde were purchased from Sun Chemical Technology (Shanghai, China). β-NADPH and β-NADH were obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Piperidine, sodium ethoxide, anhydrous ethanol, chloroform and acetonitrile were from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Resveratrol, curcumin and celastrol were from Dalian Meilun Biotechnology (Dalian, China). 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphnyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (Advance 400 MHz, Bruker, Switzerland). High-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) was performed on a high resolution quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer (Bruker, Germany). Fluorescence spectra were recorded on a fluorescence spectrometer (Edinburgh Instruments, U.K.). The fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal microscope (LSM 880, Zeiss, Germany).
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2

Fluorescein DMS Footprinting Protocol

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Fluorescein (5′-FAM) labeled oligonucleotides (0.1 μM) dissolved in 10 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0) and 0.5 μM EDTA buffer were heated at 95°C for 5 min and subsequently cooled to room temperature. Next, 100 mM LiCl, 100 mM KCl or 0.5 μM GRPC/100 mM KCl was added to the oligonucleotides, and the mixtures were immediately treated with 5% DMS reagent (Innochem, China) for 2 min on ice. Reactions were terminated by adding 80 μl stop buffer (3 M sodium acetate, 0.1 M β-mercaptoethanol, and 1 mg/ml spermidine DNA). After chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation, DNA was cleaved by the addition of 10%, vol/vol piperidine (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co.,Ltd, China) and incubated at 90°C for 30 min. DNA was purified again by chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation and dissolved in 80% (vol/vol) deionized formamide (Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd, China). The DNA samples were boiled at 95°C for 5 min and subsequently cooled on ice for 15 min before being loaded onto a 20% denaturing polyacrylamide gel. DNA fragments were visualized by iBright 1500 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) and digitized by ImageQuant 5.2 software.
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3

Synthesis of Dye Precursors and Hydrogel Monomers

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Chemicals including 4-methoxyphenylhydrazine hydrochloride (98%), N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine (99%), ammonium persulfate (98.5%), and N,N’-methylenebis(acrylamide) (AR) were purchased from Macklin. 3-methyl-2-butanone (99%), 2-bromoethanol (98%), triethylamine (99.5%), and methacryloyl chloride (97%) were purchased from Energy Chemical. 4-hydrazinylbenzenesulfonic acid hemihydrate (98%), 2,3,3-trimethylindolenine, salicylaldehyde (98%), 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (98%), 1,4-dioxane (99%), and N-isopropylacrylamide (98%), were purchased from Aladdin. Piperidine (AR) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. All other solvents (AR) were purchased from Chengdu Chron Chemical Co. Ltd.
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4

Osteoclast Differentiation Protocol

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Rink Amide MBHA resin (0.3 mmol g−1 loading) was purchased from Tianjin Nankai Hecheng Science & Technology Co. Ltd (Tianjing, China). Fmoc-protected amino acids were purchased from Shanghai GL Biochem Ltd (Shanghai, China). HCTU, phenol, DIC, TIPS were obtained from adamas-beta (Shanghai, China). DMF, DCM were purchased from Wohua Chemical Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). Ethyl ether, NMP, TFA, piperidine and other common reagent were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). The alpha modification of Eagle's medium (α-MEM), penicillin/streptomycin and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco-BRL (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was obtained from Dojindo Molecular Technology (Kumamoto, Kyushu, Japan). Recombinant mouse M-CSF and mouse RANKL were obtained from R&D (Minneapolis, MN, USA). The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining kit were purchased from Joytech Bio Inc (Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China). Specific antibodies against phospho-GSK3β, GSK3β and GAPDH were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Secondary antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). RIPA lysis buffer, PMSF and SDS-PAGE loading buffer were purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China).
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5

Electrochemical Biosensor for Multi-Analyte Detection

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1,3,5-Triethynylbenzene (TEB) and glucose oxidase (10 000 GODU per g) were purchased from Energy Chemical Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., respectively. Copper foil, d-(−)-fructose, d-(+)-mannose, d-(+)-galactose, l-arginine (l-Arg), l-lysine (l-Lys), dopamine, acetaminophen and poly-(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA, 20 wt% in water, MW = 200 000–350 000) were obtained from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. d-(+)-Glucose, ascorbic acid (AA), l-glycine (l-Gly), maltose, sucrose, piperidine, dichloromethane, methanol, acetone, ethanol, NaCl, KCl, NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4 were acquired from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Pyridine, hydrochloric acid and H2O2 were obtained from Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. The indium tin oxide (ITO) glass (10 × 20 × 1.1 mm with an ITO film of 185 ± 2 nm and a sheet resistance of 6.6 ± 0.1 Ω) was supplied from Shenzhen South Xiangcheng Technology Co., Ltd. Human serum samples were collected from Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University. Deionized water was used in all experiments.
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6

Synthesis of Tris(4-Bromophenyl)Triazine

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2,4,6-Tris(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, n-BuLi, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH·HCl), DBU, and triethylamine were purchased from Saan Chemical Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Benzaldehyde and 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)benzene were purchased from Jilin Chinese Academy of Sciences-Yanshen Technology Co., Ltd. Mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane, acetone, chloroform (CHCl3), tetrahydrofuran (THF), N,N-dimethylformamide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium cyanide, n-hexane, n-BuOH, NaOH, EtONa, Cs2CO3, piperidine, pyridine, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and MgSO4 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Ultrapure water was prepared from the Millipore system (18.25 MΩ-cm). All the purchased reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification.
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7

Peptide Synthesis and Cell Culture Protocol

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Fmoc-protected amino acids were purchased from Shanghai GL Biochem Ltd (shanghai, China). HCTU, HOBt, Oxyma were obtained from damas-beta (shanghai, China). Et2O, NMP, TFA, TFE, DMF, DCM, DIPEA, TIPS, piperidine, phenol, dimethylsulfoxide and other common reagent were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (shanghai, China). Purification of crude peptides was carried out by using HPLC LC-20AD SHIMADZU with dual wavelength (214 and 254 nm) (Japan). The Purity detection of peptides by using HPLC Thermo UltiMate 3000 Series (USA). Rink Amide MBHA resin (0.33 mmol g−1 loading) was purchased from Tianjin Nankai Hecheng Science & Technology Co. Ltd (Tianjing, China). Trypsin was purchased from TCI (Japan). All other commercially obtained reagents and solvents were used directly without further purification. Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). The tumor cells A549, HepG2, HCT116 and normal cells LO-2, BEAS-2 293 T were obtained from the Cell Bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China), and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 units per mL of penicillin and 100 μg mL−1 of streptomycin. All of the cells were incubated at 37 °C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2.
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