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43 protocols using ccl 243

1

Umbilical Cord and Adult Blood Samples

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Umbilical Cord Blood (CB) and Adult Blood (AB) samples were collected through the Basque Biobank (http://www.biobancovasco.org) under an institutional review board-approved protocol by the Basque Committee of Ethics and Clinical Research. The methods were carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines. The Basque Biobank complies with the quality management, traceability and biosecurity, set out in the Spanish Law 14/2007 of Biomedical Research and in the Royal Decree 1716/2011. All study subjects were provided written informed consent. CB units that contain between 1.5 × 109 and 8 × 108 mononuclear cells were used for research purposes24 (link). K562 was purchased from ATCC (CCL-243). Nalm-6 cell line was provided by the Immunotherapy Department of the Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) cells (GM20390 and GM16726) were purchased from Coriell Company. All cell lines were cultured with RPMI, 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, 1% Glutamax, 1% NEAA, and 1% sodium pyruvate.
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2

Cultivation of A549 and K562 Cell Lines

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Lung adherent epithelial carcinoma A549 cells were obtained from ATCC (ATCC®; CCL-185). A549 cell lines were cultured in DMEM (Gibco, ThermoFisher) with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco), and maintained until passage 20 before being discarded. Chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells were obtained from ATCC (ATCC®; CCL-243). K562 cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Life Technologies, ThermoFisher) with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco), and maintained until passage 20 before being discarded. Human rhIL-15 and human rhIL-12 were from Gold Biotechnology, human rhIL-2 was from Akron Biotechnology. TGF-β was from ThermoFisher. All other reagents were from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise stated.
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3

DENV2 and ZIKV Propagation in Cell Lines

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The DENV2 New Guinea reference strain and ZIKV (KU922960.1) were propagated in C3/36 cells derived from Aedes albopictus. These cells were grown in minimum essential medium (pH 7.2) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 2 mM l-glutamine, and 1X nonessential amino acids (NEAA) (all from FBS; Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and incubated at 34°C. DENV2 and ZIKV stocks were prepared by infecting a monolayer of C6/36 cells with 80–85% confluence for 24–48 h until a cytopathic effect was observed. The supernatant was collected, cleared of cells by centrifugation at 1,000 ×g for 10 min at 4°C, and concentrated in 0.22 μm Amicon columns to 1/10 of the starting volume. Next, 1/10 volume of sucrose-phosphate-glutamate stabilizer (2.18 mM sucrose, 38 mM monobasic K2HPO4, 72 mM dibasic K2HPO4, and 60 mM l-glutamic acid) was added, and the stocks were aliquoted and stored at −80°C until further use.
Vero and K562 (CCL-81 and CCL-243, respectively; ATCC) cell lines were cultured in RPMI medium (pH 7.8; Gibco) supplemented with 5% FBS, 2 mM l-glutamine, 1X NEAA, and 1X vitamins and incubated in a CO2 atmosphere at 37°C.
Drosophila melanogaster Schneider 2 (S2) cells (Gibco) were grown in Drosophila Schneider 2 culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 2 mM l-glutamine and incubated at 28°C in the absence of CO2.
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4

K562 Cell Culture and Transfection

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K562 (ATCC® CCL-243) were cultured according to supplier’s protocol. Every 3 months all cells in culture were screened for Mycoplasm using PCR (Takara; # 6601). Cells were transiently transfected using Amaxa Nucleofector II, program T-016 and nucleofection buffer as published previously. For K562, 2 biological replicates were done of each 100 million cells (5 million per cuvette with each 10 μg plasmid) and harvested after 24 hours (see below). For the focused library experiments, 2 biological replicates of each 10 million cells were done per condition (standard, hemin, solvent control). In the hemin treatment experiment, treatment was started with 50 μM hemin (Sigma; #51280-1G) or solvent control 1 hour after nucleofection and cells were harvested 24 hours later.
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5

Virus Quantification and ADE Assays

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Vero (ATCC® CCL81™) cells were used at low passage for all virus quantification by plaque assay. These cells, originally derived from kidney epithelium of a female green monkey, were obtained from the ATCC for the purposes of this study. K562 (ATCC® CCL-243™) cells, a human female lymphoblast line derived from a patient with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) were used at low passage for all in vitro ADE experiments. K562 cells were grown at 37°C, and 5% CO2 in RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS, 10U/ml penicillin and 10μg/ml streptomycin and 2mM L-Glutamine.
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6

Cell Culture of TNBC and K562 Lineages

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TNBC cell lines HCC-1806 (ATCC, CRL 2335™), HCC-1937 (ATCC, CRL-2336™), HCC-70 (ATCC, CRL-2315™), and MDA-MB-468 (ATCC, HTB-132™), and the chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived K562 cell line (ATCC, CCL-243™) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA). The cell lines were authenticated by DNA profiling using short tandem repeat (STR) analysis on an AmpFlSTR® Identifier™ PCR Amplification System at the National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico. The cells were used between passage 3 and passage 15. All the cells were maintained in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium (Biowest SAS, Nuaillé, France) that was supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) (Biowest SAS, Nuaillé, France), 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 mg/mL streptomycin (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). The cells were maintained in a 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37 °C.
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7

Natural and Antibody-Dependent NK Cell Activation

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To measure general NK cell activation in vitro through natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR), class I human histocompatibility-linked antigen (HLA) deficient erythroleukemia K562 cells (ATCC® #CCL 243™) were incubated with PBMC at an effector to target (E:T) ratio of 5:1 (2 × 106 PBMC:4 × 105 K562 cells). To selectively measure antibody-dependent NK cell activation in vitro, 2 µg anti-CD16 monoclonal antibody (LEAF™ 3G8, BioLegend), was added to 2 × 106 PBMC in 2 mL lymphocyte medium. After one hour, Brefeldin A (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to both stimulations to a final concentration of 10 µg/mL followed by an additional 15 h incubation whereby IFN-γ and TNF-α production was measured after intracellular staining. All cell lines used were cultured at 37 °C in 5% CO2 in lymphocyte medium and maintained in a log phase growth for labeling.
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8

Antiproliferative Activity of Enzymosomes and Liposomes

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The antiproliferative activity of the formulations (enzymosomes and liposomes) was studied in K562 (myelogenous leukemia cell line, immortalized cell line K562 derived from a CML patient was obtained from ATCC, reference no. CCL-243 (Manassas, VA, USA)), Jurkat (T lymphocyte cell line, cells (clone E6-1) were obtained from ATCC), and H69 (small cell lung cancer, human classical SCLC cell line NCI-H69 was obtained from ATCC, reference no. HTB-119) cell lines. Free S. cerevisiae asparaginase expressed in P. pastoris (ASP), commercial E. coli asparaginase (Aginasa®, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), and saline solution were used as controls.
The assays were performed according to the MTS protocol [30 (link)]. Briefly, cells that were maintained in the exponential growth phase were seeded in 96-well plates, at 2.5 × 103 cells per well. Afterward, cells were treated with ASP-liposomes, ASP-enzymosomes, or controls (0.08 to 10 IU/mL) and incubated at 37 °C and 5% CO2. After 48 h or 72 h, the MTS reagent (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) was added, and the plates were incubated at 37 °C for 2 h, after which the absorbances were read at 490 nm and 630 nm wavelength.
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9

Cloning of H2AFY1 Isoforms

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cDNA sequences of H2AFY1.1 and 1.2 were obtained from Addgene [H2AFY1.1 #45166, H2AFY1.2 # 45168, (Chadwick and Willard, 2001 (link))] and were cloned into a lenti-MND-IRES-GFP-Flag vector as described previously (Okeyo-Owuor et al., 2015 (link)). Lentivirus was generated in 293T cells (ATCC, CRL-3216) with the packaging plasmids pMD-G, pMD-Lg and REV. Virus was tittered using K562 cells (ATCC, CCL243).
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10

Cell Culture Protocol for Cancer Research

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The mouse A20 and human K562 cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC TIB-208 and CCL-243 respectively) and cultured based on ATCC guidelines. The MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 human breast cancer cell lines were obtained from the MD Anderson Characterized Cell Line Core Facility and were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium-high glucose (DMEM, Sigma, D5976) medium supplemented with 10% FBS (Sigma, F0926) and 1X penicillin-streptomycin. The mouse lung cancer cell line LKR13 was cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1X penicillin-streptomycin. All cell lines were maintained at 37°C with 5% CO2. Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling and mycoplasma tests were performed by ATCC or the MD Anderson Characterized Cell Line Core Facility.
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