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102 protocols using facs tube

1

Cell Cycle Analysis by Flow Cytometry

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One milliliter of cell culture (OD595 of 0.55–1.2) was pelleted (4,000 g, 2 min, 4°C) and resuspended in 1 ml 70% ice‐cold ethanol. Fixed cells were kept at 4°C if cells from multiple time points were collected. Five hundred microliter fixed cells were centrifuged (3,000 g, 5 min, 25°C) and washed twice with 1 ml 50 mM sodium citrate. Cell pellets were resuspended by vortexing. After the last washing step, pellets were treated with 500 μl 50 mM sodium citrate +0.1 mg/ml RNase A for at least 1.5 h at 37°C. Subsequently, 500 μl 50 mM sodium citrate +2 μM Sytox Green (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was added and samples were mixed by vortexing. To break apart cell aggregates, samples were sonicated for 5 s on a 550 Sonic Dismembrator (Thermo Fisher Scientific) before being transferred to 5 ml FACS tubes (Becton Dickinson). Flow cytometry measurements were performed on a BD LSRII SORP Analyzer (Becton Dickinson) using a 488 nm excitation laser (flow rate = low; mode = linear). Per sample 20,000 cells were counted, and the data were postprocessed and visualized with FlowJo.
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2

Annexin V Assay for Apoptosis

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Exposed phosphatidyl serine was measured using an Annexin V FITC Assay kit (Cayman, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) following the manufacturer’s indications. Briefly, 2.5 million NEU/mL were placed into FACS tubes (FALCON; Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) in the presence of 40 µL of APTP, HHC, or HLT sera or 10 µL of zymosan (50 µg/mL) for 8 hours. A total of 200 µL of binding buffer was then added, and the tubes were centrifuged to remove the supernatants. The cell pellets were resuspended in 50 µL of staining solution (FITC-Annexin V-propidium iodide) for 10 minutes. Next, the cells were analyzed using a Facscalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson) and the data were processed with the FlowJo software for early apoptosis and late apoptosis.
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3

Meiotic Cell Cycle Analysis by FACS

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Two hundred microliters of meiotic cells (at 2 OD/ml) were collected at each time point, resuspended in 70% ethanol and stored overnight at 4°C. Samples were then spun down, resuspended in 200 μl of solution A (50 mM sodium citrate, 0.1 mg/ml RNAse A (Sigma, Cat# R6513), 0.2 mg/ml Proteinase K (Thermo Scientific™, Cat# EO0491)) and incubated 2 h at 50°C. Cells were pelleted again and resuspended in 500 μl of 50 mM sodium citrate containing 2 μM of SYTOX Green (Invitrogen™, Cat# S7020) and transferred to 5 ml FACS tubes (Becton Dickinson, Cat# 352008). After vortexing, samples were analyzed on the LSR II (BD Biosciences) instrument and BD FACS Diva software. Single cells were gated based on forward and side scattering, FITC-A, and FITC-W. Ten thousand events were counted per sample. Data were analyzed using FlowJo 10 software.
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4

3D Microcarrier-based Cell Invasion Assay

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Approximately 500 Cytodex Microcarrier beads (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, C3275) per 1.25 × 104 cells/ml were mixed in FACS tubes (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Allschwill, Switzerland, Falcon T7597-5J) and incubated at 37 °C for 6 h with a mild shaking of the tubes at every one hour. Cells, which were not adhered to the beads, were removed by washing the beads with fresh medium. Cell-coated microbeads were re-suspended in 2.5% bovine collagen 1 (Advanced BioMatrix, San Diego, CA, USA, 5005-B) and seeded in μ-clear 96 well plate (Greiner CELLSTAR®, 655090). Following the polymerization of collagen, the cell coated microbeads were overlaid with fresh medium and treated with appropriate concentrations of growth factors/cytokines or with HGF or with c-Met inhibitors. After 24 h, cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and stained with Hoechst. Images were acquired using an ImageXpress Micro 2 automated microscope (Molecular Devices, LLC, USA) as described for the zone infiltration assay. Cell invasion is expressed as the average of the distance invaded by the cells from the circumference of the bead as measured by our cell dissemination counter software aMDIcs.
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5

Monitoring T Cell Activation and Antigen Presentation

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T2 cells, mel526, or HmyA2GFP cells were pulsed with the HLA-A*02:01 binding gp100(209-217) (ITDQVPFSV) peptide or an extended variant connected to a flexible 17 amino acid linker peptide with a biotinylated C terminus: ITDQVPFSV-GGGSGGGSGGGSGGGSK-biotin (G209n-linker-biotin). Cells were pulsed 1 hour with indicated peptide concentrations at 37°C in 7.0% CO2 in 3 ml culture medium. Pulsed cells were washed 3x with 10 ml RPMI-1640 with 5% normal calf serum (NCS) and suspended in CTL medium. To monitor modulation of antigenic peptide on target cell surfaces, 105 T2 cells pulsed with 10 μM biotinylated G209n-linker-biotin were incubated with or without 106 low avidity G209n-specific or FLU-specific CTL clones in 200 μl CTL medium in a 96-well round bottom tissue culture plate containing 1.0 μl anti-CD107a and 0.5 μl anti-CD107b mAbs conjugated with APC (to simultaneously monitor degranulation by CTL) at 37°C in 7.0% CO2. After 90 minutes cells were transferred to 5 ml FACS tubes (Becton Dickinson). Cells were then washed and suspended in 100 μl CTL medium with 1:100 dilutions of FITC conjugated anti-human CD8 and streptavidin-PE (Caltag) and incubated 30 minutes on ice. Cells were washed, resuspended in PBS 5% NCS, and analyzed by flow cytometry.
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6

Cell Cycle Analysis by Flow Cytometry

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At 48 hours post transfection, the cells were briefly centrifuged and the media was aspirated. Cells were stained with 300 µl of propidium iodide solution containing 0.1 mg/ml propidium iodide (Sigma), 3 µl/ml Triton-X 100 (Sigma), 1 mg/ml sodium citrate (Sigma) and 20 µg/ml RNase (Sigma) for 30 minutes at 4 °C. The stained cells were immediately transferred to BD FACS tubes and acquired in BD FACS Canto.
The data obtained was analyzed using FlowJo software. DNA histograms were analyzed to quantitate sub G0, G0/G1, S and G2/M populations. Minor shifts were observed in the G0/G1 and G2/M populations and hence manual gating was done to analyze these populations.
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7

Platelet Activation and Surface Markers

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FACS analysis was performed as reported by us and others previously23 (link),48 . Briefly, platelets were isolated, dissolved in tyrode buffer and 50 µl diluted cells were incubated in FACS buffer (2 mM EDTA, 0.5% FCS, in PBS) in BD FACS tubes with 5 µl of the following antibodies: LeoF2 Emfret M025-1 FITC labeled (GPIIbIIIa), XiaB4 Emfret M051-1 FITC labeled (GPIX), Xia X2 Emfret M043-1 FITC labeled (GPIba) and JON/A Emfret M023-2 (GPIIbIIIa activated, PE labeled). The respective IgG controls served as a control. After incubation for 30 min at 4 °C, 1 ml of FACs buffer was added, vortexed, and the cells centrifuged at 300 g for 10 min, then the pellet resuspended in FACS flow and immediately analyzed in a FACScan. In order to stimulate platelets with thrombin, isolated platelets were incubated with 1 mM CaCl2 and 500 µg thrombin (from bovine plasma, Merck 12374) for 30 min in FACS buffer with the respective antibodies and then processed and analyzed the same way.
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8

Apoptosis Detection by Flow Cytometry

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Analysis of the PI-positive apoptotic cells was performed by flow cytometry. A549 cells were treated with 10 nM PT-1 for 30 min with or without irradiation with the 405 nm laser for 1 h. The cells were further incubated for 12 h and harvested. Then the cells were washed two times with ice-cold PBS. The cells were placed (at up to 106/ml) in BD FACS tubes and incubated with 5 mg/ml PI (Sigma-Aldrich) in PBS with 10% FBS for 30 min at room temperature. The cells were then washed in ice-cold PBS. The PI fluorescence was measured in the FL-1 channel of a FACSAria instrument (BD, San Jose, California, USA).
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9

Apoptosis Quantification by Flow Cytometry

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Cells were collected by trypsinization with 0.05% Trypsin-EDTA and washed twice with cold PBS. To include the floating cells, prior to trypsinization, culture medium was collected and floaters were spun down by centrifugation in FACS tubes (BD Falcon, CA, USA) at 4°C for 5 min. The cells were then stained with annexin V-FITC and PI according to the manufacturer’s instructions (BD Pharmingen, CA, USA) on ice. Cells were then analyzed by flow cytometry (BD FACSCanto II) within 1 h.
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10

α-Synuclein Treatment of Pericytes

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Pericytes were cultured in 24 well plates (Nunc) before treatment with α-syn or vehicle (PBS). Following timed treatments, cultures were incubated with Trypsin-1 mM EDTA (Gibco) at 37 °C for 5 min to harvest cells and placed in FACS tubes (Falcon). Cells in suspension were incubated in 8% PFA for 10 min and then centrifuged at 300×g for 5 min. Subsequently cells were washed twice with PBS-T for permeabilization for 10 min each. Cells were incubated with primary antibodies at 1:500, including a no-primary control overnight at 4 °C. The cells were pelleted, and the primary antibody removed and cells were washed before addition of secondary antibody including the nuclear stain 7-Amino-Actinomcyin D (7-AAD) (BD Pharmingen; 559925, 1:100) for 3 h at room temperature. Samples were then run on Accuri C6 flow cytometer (BD Biosciences) until 5000 cellular events had been recorded (Supplementary Fig. 10).
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