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9 protocols using pdsred2 c1

1

Cloning and Expression of BspJ Gene

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We searched the BspJ gene sequence in the Genbank database. Primer 5.0 was employed to design the primers used to amplify the target fragment (BspJ-F 5′-ATGAAGAGCTTGCAGTTTTC-3′, BspJ-R 5′-TTATCGATATGCCCGAGGTAC-3′). Brucella abortus was used to as a genome template for BspJ gene cloning. The C-terminal fusion His tag of the BspJ gene constructed to pDsRed2-C1 (Clontech, United States) and pcDNA3.1 (Invitrogen, United States) vectors. Using an endotoxin-free plasmid large-scale extraction kit (TIANGEN, China) to extract the plasmids pDsRed2-C1-BspJ and pcDNA3.1-BspJ. Meanwhile, the BspJ gene was constructed into the vector pGBKT7 (Clontech, United States).
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2

Establishing Stable BLM-expressing Cell Lines

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Cell lines were transfected with pMMP-BLM constructs using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) or TransIT-293 (Mirus) in 6-well plates as directed by the manufacturer. The red fluorescent plasmid pDs-Red2-C1 (ClonTech) was used in a parallel transfection to monitor transfection efficiency. After 24 hours cells were re-plated in 100mm or 150mm plates, based on transfection efficiency, and placed under 0.1-0.4 μg/ml puromycin (Sigma) selection. After 10 days of growth colonies were selected, expanded, and expression was confirmed by immunoblotting.
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3

Plasmid Constructs for Fluorescent Protein-Fused Proteins

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Plasmid pDsRed2-fused IPO13 for mammalian cell expression of IPO13 fused to the DsRed2 fluorescent protein was constructed by digestion of plasmid vector pDsRed2-C1 (Clontech, Mountain View, CA, USA), and insertion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) generated IPO13 insert at EcoRI and SmaI restriction sites. Plasmid for mammalian expression of GFP-fused IPO13 was generated as described previously4 (link). Plasmid for mammalian cell expression of the fusion protein GFP-KLF4 was constructed by inserting PCR amplified sequences encoding full-length mouse KLF4 in-frame into the BamHI and HindIII restriction sites of plasmid pEGFP-C1 C-terminal to the coding sequence of eGFP. The plasmid for mammalian cell expression of GFP-SP1 was from Jan-Jong Hung (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan). The integrity of constructs was verified by DNA Sequencing.
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4

Constructing CD30L-DsRed2 and CD30-eGFP Plasmids

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Construction of the CD30L-DsRed2 plasmid: Human CD30L (CD153, isoform 1) was amplified by PCR from the cDNA of DG75 cells using the BglII forward primer 5′-actcagatctcgagGAATGGACCCAGGGCTGCAGCAA GCA-3′ and the BamHI reverse complement primer 5′-tgagaggatccTCAGTCTGAATTACTGTATAAGAAGA TGGACA-3to clone the PCR product into the BglII and BamH1 restricted expression vector pDsRed2-C1 (Clontech, CA). Construction of the CD30-eGFP expression plasmid: The CD30 cDNA was amplified from CD30-pcDNA3 plasmid [46 (link)] using the HindIII forward primer 5′-gcgagaagcttATGCGCGTCCTCCTCGCCGCG-3′ and the BamHI reverse complement primer 5′-tcgtaggatccCCCTTT CCAGAGGCAGCTGTGGG-3′. This PCR product was cloned into the HindIII/BamHI restricted plasmid pEGFP-C1 (Clontech CA).
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5

Plasmid Construction for Protein Expression

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For expression plasmid construction, the open reading frame (ORF) cDNA of the RGNNV CP (GenBank accession No.: KP455642) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into thepCMV-Flag, pCMV-Myc, pDsRed2-C1, and pET-32a (+) vectors, which were acquired from Clontech (USA). The coding regions of LjHSP90ab1 were cloned intopCMV-Flag,pCMV-Myc, and pET-32a (+) vectors, respectively. The L. japonicus AKT gene was cloned into pCMV-Flag and pCMV-Myc vectors, respectively. The L. japonicus and marine medaka LC3 genes were cloned into the pEGFP-N3 vector, respectively. Serially truncated mutants of LjHSP90ab1 with Flag-tag, including pCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1-NC, pCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1-NM, pCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1-MC, pCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1-M, pCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1-C, and pCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1-N, were generated using thepCMV-Flag-LjHSP90ab1 plasmid as a template. Serially truncated mutants of CP with Flag-tag, includingpCMV-Flag-CP-ΔARM, pCMV-Flag-CP-Δarm, pCMV-Flag-CP-ΔS,pCMV-Flag-CP-ΔLR, and pCMV-Flag-CP-ΔP plasmids, were generated using thepCMV-Flag-CP plasmid as a template. The PCR specific primers used are shown in Supplementary Table S1. The expression plasmids were all constructed using standard molecular biology techniques and examined via DNA sequencing (Hopp et al., 1988 (link)).
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6

Peptide Modulation of Cell Migration

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Example 8

The plasmid vector pDsRed2-C1 (Clontech), which expresses a fluorescent protein (DsRed2), was transfected into cells. The cells were plated on a glass plate, and observed under the microscope at 1-hour intervals in the presence of partial peptide p6 (5 μM) while measuring the displacement on a display. The observation was carried out for 12 to 37 cells. Statistical analysis was carried out by unpaired Student t-test in order to analyze a significant difference.

An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Experimental Example 8-1 except that partial peptide p1 (5 μM) was used instead of partial peptide p6.

An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Experimental Example 8-1 except that no partial peptide was added.

[Results]

FIG. 8A shows images of the cells after the transfection, and FIG. 8B shows the results of the assays. It was found that partial peptide p6 suppresses migration of the cells.

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7

Generation of Lamin A Fusion Constructs

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An expression plasmid, encoding a fusion of lamin A and the red fluorescent protein (RFP), was generated by subcloning of the lamin A open reading frame from the template pS65T-lamin A (kindly provided by Dr. J. Broers, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands) into the destination vector pDsRed2-C1 (Clontech Laboratories) by cleavage with EcoRI/BamHI. In addition, expression constructs coding for mutant lamin A carrying a single amino acid exchange of serine 22 to alanine (Ser22Ala) or glutamic acid (Ser22Glu) were generated using the GeneArt Site-Directed Mutagenesis System (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Site-directed mutagenesis PCR was performed with pDsRed2-C1 lamin A as a template and oligonucleotide primers with nucleotides differing from the wild-type sequence; sequences of oligonucleotides purchased from Biomers (Ulm, Germany) are given in supplemental S1 Table. An expression plasmids coding for FLAG-tagged HCMV kinase pUL97 was described previously [56 (link)]. Transfection of these expression plasmids into wt HeLa and Pin1 KO HeLa cells was performed using Lipofectamine 2000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.
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8

Autophagy Regulation in Grass Carp Cells

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Grass carp LC3B was subcloned into pEGFP-N3 (Clontech, Mountain View, CA, USA) to generate GFP-LC3B to detect the formation of autophagy. Grass carp ATG5 was subcloned into pCMV-FLAG, pDsRed2-C1, and pEGFP-N3 (Clontech, Mountain View, CA, USA ) to generate FLAG-ATG5, DsRed-ATG5, and GFP-ATG5 to overexpress ATG5 in CIK cells. The plasmids were constructed as described previously [30 (link),31 (link)] Then, these vectors (500 ng/µL) were transfected into CIK cells by Lipofectamine™ 3000 Transfection Reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Rapamycin, 3-MA, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG were purchased from Sigma (Saint Louis, MS, USA). Rabbit polyclonal anti-LC3B antibody was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Rabbit polyclonal SQSTM1/P62 antibody was purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Lyso-Tracker Red fluorescent probe was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China).
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9

Generating Chimeric Embryos from iPSCs

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The NGFP1 iPSC line (10) was purchased from Stemgent Inc. (Cambridge, MA). NGFP1 iPSCs were injected into BDF1 (C57/ B6 × DBA/1) hybrid blastocysts 94-98 h after hCG injection. A flat-tip microinjection pipette with an internal diameter of 12-15 mm was used for iPSC injection. About 10 cells were placed into the blastocyst cavity, and the injected blastocysts were immediately transferred to recipient females. To construct chimeric fetuses carrying cells stemmed from teratoma-derived iPSCs, tertiary iPSCs (see below) were transfected with pDsRed2-C1 (Takara Clontech, Otsu, Japan) plasmids using Nucleofector (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), and those iPSC colonies that survived drug selection and contained red fluorescence signal were pooled before use in blastocyst injection. Twelve to 15 blastocysts were transferred to the uterine horn of a pseudopregnant BDF1 mouse at 2.5 days post coitum. Secondary MEFs were isolated as described previously (10) . Briefly, chimeric embryos were collected at E13.5, and the head and internal organs were removed. The remaining carcass was physically dissociated and incubated in trypsin at 37°C for 20 min. Dissociated cells were resuspended in MEF media containing 2 mg/mL puromycin and expanded for 2 passages before freezing or plating on Dox-containing medium for reprogramming experiments.
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