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Tds3032

Manufactured by Tektronix
Sourced in United States

The TDS3032 is a digital storage oscilloscope manufactured by Tektronix. It features a 300 MHz bandwidth, 2.5 GS/s sample rate, and a 2-channel configuration. The device is designed for general-purpose laboratory and industrial applications.

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6 protocols using tds3032

1

Nonlinear Optical Characterization of Ba₃₋ₓSrₓYGa₂O₇.₅

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Samples
of Ba3–xSrxYGa2O7.5 (x = 0.15,
1.5, 2, and 2.85) were placed in fused silica tubes with a diameter
of 4 mm. A 1064 nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser (Quantel Laser, Ultra 50) was
used to generate the fundamental light, and the SHG intensity was
recorded at room temperature by a digital phosphor oscilloscope (Tektronix,
TDS3032). Intensity comparisons were made with the known SHG material
α-SiO2 under the same conditions.43 (link)
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2

Transient Absorption Kinetics of Ir(III) Complexes

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An Ar-saturated THF solution in a quartz cell (path length = 1.0 cm) was excited by a Nd:YAG laser (EKSPLA, NT342) at a wavelength of 355 nm with 20 mJ pulse−1. No positive transient signal was observed for dopant-only solutions under the measurement conditions. Time courses of the transient absorption were measured using Hamamatsu, photomultiplier tube R2949/InGaAs photodiode as detectors. The output from the detectors was recorded with a Tektronix, TDS3032 digitized oscilloscope. All experiments were performed at 298 K. The decays of the positive ΔAbs signals of Ir•+ were analyzed through a second-order kinetics model. Briefly, the molar absorbance (ε) of Ir•+ determined from the spectroelectrochemical measurement was divided by ΔAbs values at 1100 nm. The ε/ΔAbs data were plotted as a function of delay time, and fit to a linear line. The slope (in M−1 s−1) of the linear line corresponded to the kBeT value. The values were plotted as a function of −ΔGBeT, and correlated with parabolic curves calculated from the Marcus equation for adiabatic outer-sphere electron transfer, kBeT = Z exp[−(ΔGBeT + λ)2/4λkBT], in the −ΔGBeT range 0–3.0 eV. In this equation, Z, kB, and T are the collisional frequency taken as 1.0 × 1012 M−1 s−1, the Boltzmann constant, and absolute temperature (298 K), respectively.
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3

Spectrophotometric Characterization of Chromophores

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The experiments were carried out by a home-constructed spectrophotometer35 (link) with some modifications. The absorption changes were evoked either by high power (2 W) laser diodes (typical wavelength of 808 nm, Roithner LaserTechnik LD808-2-TO3) of variable duration (up to 20 ms) or by a train of three saturating Xe flashes of duration 3 μs fired close (400 μs) to each other. Each Xe flashes (alone) were saturating checked by choosing no delay among the flashes. After passing through appropriate cut-off glass filters, the Xe flashes illuminated the sample in a 1 × 1 cm quartz cuvette from three different directions (see Fig. S1). A stabilized 130 W tungsten lamp was the light source of the measuring light whose wavelength and bandwidth were selected by a monochromator (Jobin–Yvon H-20 with concave holographic grating). The transmitted measuring light was detected by a photomultiplier (R928 Hamamatsu) protected from the scattered exciting light by filters. The detector was connected to a differential amplifier and to a digital oscilloscope (Tektronix TDS 3032). The time resolution of the device was limited to 50 μs. The light-induced signals of the chromophores or intact cells measured at characteristic wavelengths were always related to those at reference wavelengths.
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4

Characterizing Pressure Profiles and Cavitation Bubbles

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A total of five pressure profiles were recorded inside one of the water-filled vials described below, using a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) needle hydrophone (Imotec GmbH, Würselen, Germany) with a 20 ns rise time and fed into a 300 MHZ digital oscilloscope (Tektronix Inc., Beaverton, OR, USA, model TDS3032). The water level and temperature were fixed at 80 mm above F, and 25 °C, respectively. The tank was filled with tap water for both pressure measurements and shock wave exposure to the suspension-filled vials.
As an aid to select convenient delays for the tandem mode, a high-speed Motion Pro x4 (Integrated Design Tools, Inc., Pasadena, CA, USA) camera was used to record cavitation bubbles inside a sealed vial containing water and air. Images of bubble expansion and evolution were captured at 30,000 frames per second (fps) in the single-pulse mode, using a discharge voltage of 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 kV. All reported voltages had an uncertainty of ±0.125 kV.
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5

Photodiode-Based Detection Electronics

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The detection electronics consisted of two identical channels, schematically presented in Figure 3. Each channel comprises a photodiode (BPW34, Osram Opto Semiconductors, Regensburg, Germany) followed by transimpedance amplifier (current-to-voltage converter), a low-pass filter, consisting of resistor RLP and capacitor CLP, and a buffer. The transimpedance amplifier, built using an operational amplifier (AD8627, Analog Devices, Norwood, MA, USA), converts the current I from the photodiode into voltage U according to:

where RF—transimpedance (RF = 100 kΩ). Capacitor CF improves stability of the transimpedance amplifier. The low-pass filter, with cut-off frequency of 10 kHz, filters out the broadband noise. The filter is followed by a buffer (AD8641, Analog Devices) driving a sixteen-bit data acquisition card (NI-9215, National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA) or an oscilloscope (TDS3032, Tektronix, Beaverton, OR, USA).
The detection electronics was built on a printed circuit board. It was powered by a ±12 V stabilized laboratory power supply.
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6

Photoacoustic Measurements of Aqueous Samples

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Photoacoustic measurements were performed using the setup described elsewhere. 22 Briefly, a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (Surelite II, continuum, 7 ns pulse duration, 532 nm, UK) was used as the excitation source. The fluence of the laser pulses was varied using a neutral density filter, and the energy values were measured with pyroelectric energy meters (Laser Precision Corp. RJ7620 and RJP-735). The laser beam was shaped by a 1 mm diameter pinhole in front of the cuvette, so that the resolution time in our experimental set-up, t R , was ca. 800 ns. 23 The detection system consisted of a 4 mm thick  4 mm in a diameter home-made ceramic piezoelectric transducer (PZT), pressed against a cuvette side wall parallel to the laser beam direction. The detected acoustic signals were amplified, digitized by a digital oscilloscope (TDS 3032, Tektronix), and stored in a personal computer for further analysis of data. Measurements were performed by averaging the acoustic signals generated by 64 laser shots for a better signal-to-noise ratio. Aqueous solutions of the samples and a calorimetric reference (CR, New Coccine, a R = 1) were matched within 2% of absorbance values between 0.1 and 0.2 at the laser wavelength. 24 Experiments were performed under a controlled atmosphere, obtained by purging the solutions with N 2 or O 2 , for 15 min.
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