Indocyanine green

N-isopropylmethacrylamide (NIPMAM) and N,N’-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Methacrylic acid (MAA) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Potassium persulfate (KPS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Inc. (Shanghai, China). Doxorubicin·HCl (DOX·HCl) was purchased from Meilun Biotech Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China). Indocyanine Green was purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Rhodamine B, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), N,N’-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were purchased from Energy Chemical (Shanghai, China). Pitstop 2 was purchased from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China). RNAprep FastPure, Goldenstar^TM RT6 cDNA Synthesis Mix and Master qPCR Mix were purchased from Tsingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and Nile Red were bought from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). 2-nitroimidazole (2-MI) and indocyanine green (ICG) were purchased from J&K Scientific (Beijing, China). Zinc nitrate and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Merck Life Science, Shanghai, China). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) were bought from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). DMEM medium and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were bought from Shanghai Titan Scientific Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China). CAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), Bcl-2, and β-actin antibodies were bought from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., (CST, Boston, MA, USA).
Cells were kindly provided by Pricella Life Science&Technology Co., Ltd., (Wuhan, China).

hiHeps were incubated with 5 mg/mL indocyanine green (ICG, J&K, China) in GCM14, GCM14I and HMM at 37°C for 15 minutes. After washing three times with PBS, images of cellular uptake were captured by microscopy. Similarly, hiHeps were incubated with 30 µg/mL Dil‐ac‐LDL (ANGYUBIO, China) for 5 hours. Then, DAPI (1:100, Invitrogen, USA) was added to the cultures, and the cultures were incubated for 1 hour. Images were taken with a fluorescence microscope.