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24 protocols using ge signa hdx

1

MRI Imaging Protocol for Cancer Trials

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MRI was performed at both 1.5T (Siemens Espree, Siemens Magnetom Avanto, GE Signa Excite, GE Signa HDx) and 3T (GE Signa HDx, GE Signa Excite). Conventional MRI included pre-contrast T1w, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and diffusion-weighted imaging.11 (link) For both pre- and post-contrast T1w imaging, all sites were required to collect the data using a spin-echo sequence with the following parameter ranges: TE/TR = min (<15 ms)/400–600 ms, FOV=220–240 mm, phase FOV = 75%, slice thickness/gap = 5 mm/1 mm, matrix = 256 × 256, NEX = 1. The imaging protocol remained fixed at each site and across all time points. Following i.v. of 0.1 mmol/kg of a standard gadolinium-based contrast agent (The brand used was dictated by each site’s preference.), axial 2D spin-echo (2D-T1) and 3D volumetric T1w post-contrast images were acquired. Patients participating in the optional advanced component of the trial had dynamic contrast-enhanced, dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC), and/or spectroscopic MRI at baseline, week 2, and after every two cycles of treatment. Results from these advanced imaging cohorts were previously reported.12 (link)–14 (link) A complete listing of all MRI parameters for this protocol can be found on the ACRIN website. (https://www.acrin.org/PROTOCOLSUMMARYTABLE/PROTOCOL6677/6677ImagingMaterials.aspx).
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2

MRI Imaging of Iron-Labeled Cells and Tumors

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Cells were grown in medium supplemented with FAC (1 mM) for 48 h before MR imaging. After thorough washing with PBS to remove extracellular iron, dissociating with trypsin, and fixing in 4 % PFA for 10 min, the cells were suspended in 1 ml PBS and transferred into 2-ml microcentrifuge tubes (5 × 107 cells/tube), which were precoated with 500 μl 1 % agarose. After the cells had settled for 20–30 min and formed a loose pellet on the top of the agarose, MRI was performed with a 3.0-T MR unit with a knee coil (GE Signa HDx). T2*-weighted images were acquired using a GRE (gradient recalled echo) sequence with the following parameters: TR (repetition time) = 400 ms, TE (echo time) = 12 ms, flip angle = 30° and slice thickness = 1.0 mm. In a second GRE acquisition, R2* measurements were derived from eight images using the following parameters: TR = 1000 ms, TE = 2.5–27.0 ms (8 echoes) and slice thickness = 2.2 mm.
Tumours were imaged 15 days after virus injection using a 1.5-T MR scanner (GE Signa HDx). Mice were anaesthetized with 2 % sodium pentobarbital and placed in a wrist coil. T2-weighted images of tumours were obtained using an FSE (fast spin echo) sequence (TR = 2000 ms, TE = 47.5 ms, FOV (field of view) = 6 × 6 cm and slice thickness = 2.0 mm). T2*-weighted images were obtained using a GRE sequence (TR = 540 ms, TE = 10 ms, FOV = 6 × 6 cm and slice thickness = 2.0 mm).
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3

3T MRI Protocol for Brain Imaging

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MR images and spectra were acquired using a 3.0T GE Signa HDx whole body, long bore MR scanner (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA) at the Brain Imaging Center, University of Colorado Denver. Subjects were imaged in the supine position using a GE eight-channel phased array head coil. To comply with age- and population-related behaviors such as boredom and restlessness, subjects watched a movie during the exams using MR-compatible goggles and headphones (Resonance Technology Inc., Northridge, CA, USA) during the procedure. A T1-weighted sequence was acquired for tissue segmentation using a 3D inversion recovery fast, spoiled gradient echo (IR-SPGR) technique (matrix 256 x 256, FOV 22 cm, TR/TE/TI= 10/3/450 ms, NEX=1), resulting in 168 1.2 mm thick axial slices with an in-plane resolution of .86 mm2.
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4

Multiparametric MRI Characterization of SiO2 Nanoparticles

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The T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), T1 map, and T2 map of SSM with different SiO2 thickness and in different pH environment (incubated 24 h) were measured on a 3.0 T MRI scanner (GE signa HDx, USA).
The acquisition parameters were set as:
T1WI, repetition time (TR) = 500 ms, echo time (TE) = 12 ms, slice thickness = 1 mm, slice spacing = 1 mm, FOV = 10 × 10 cm, matrix = 256 × 256;
T1 Map images, TR = 4.0 ms, TE = 2.0 ms, slice thickness = 1 mm, slice spacing = 1 mm, FOV = 10 × 10 cm, matrix = 256 × 256;
T2WI, TR = 2500 ms, TE = 60 ms, slice thickness = 1 mm, slice spacing = 1 mm, FOV = 10 × 10 cm, matrix = 256 × 256;
T2 Map images, TR = 1000 ms, TE = 12 − 180 ms, slice thickness = 1 mm, slice spacing = 1 mm, FOV = 10 × 10 cm, matrix = 256 × 256.
Quantitative T1 and T2 relaxation maps were reconstructed from datasets via Paravision 4 software. The same method was applied for the pH sensitivity evaluation of SSM in different pH conditions.
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5

3T MRI Hippocampus Segmentation Protocol

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MR images were acquired in the coronal plane using a 3D spoiled gradient (SPGR) sequence (TR = 7.5 ms, TE = 3 ms, matrix = 256 × 256, FOV = 240 mm) on a single 3T scanner (GE Signa HDx; General Electric, Milwaukee, Wisconsin), producing 216 contiguous images (slice thickness = 1 mm) through the whole head in 10 minutes and 25 seconds with in-plane resolution of .94 mm × .94 mm. All scans were reviewed by a radiologist and a member of the research team and none were determined to have any significant abnormalities. All scans were subsequently aligned along the anterior and posterior commissures using previously published software (Ardekani & Bachman, 2009 (link)) and resampled into a 512 × 512 matrix yielding voxel dimensions of .47mm × .47mm × 1mm. Volumetric measurements were conducted using ITK-SNAP (Yushkevich et al., 2006 (link)). Delineation of the subregions was conducted in the coronal plane using the image contrast while simultaneously examining the MR images using triplanar view. Tracings began on the most posterior slice of the hippocampus and progressed anteriorly. The delineation of each hippocampus was monitored from the coronal and sagittal perspectives. All tracings were reviewed as a 3D reconstruction, but this process did not substantively contribute to the identification of subregions.
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6

Resting-State fMRI Acquisition Protocol

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Each participant received a resting-state scan in a 3.0-T scanner (GE Signa HDx, General Electric, US) with the head fixed by foam pads to minimize head motion. T1-weighted structural images were acquired with a three-dimensional spoiled-gradient recalled-acquisition sequence (3D-SPGR, Time of Repetition, 7.876 ms; Time of Echo, 3.06 ms; slice thickness, 1.2 mm; field of view, 22 cm × 22 cm; resolution, 1 × 1 × 1 mm3; Time of inversion, 400 ms). T2*-weighted functional imaging was performed using an echo planar imaging sequence (EPI, Time of Repetition, 2000 ms; Time of Echo, 22.5 ms; slice thickness, 4.0 mm; field of view, 22 cm × 22 cm; skip between slices, 0.6 mm; matrix, 64 × 64; flip angle, 30 °C; voxel size, 3.75 × 3.75 × 4 mm3). For each participant, 33 axial slices without gaps were obtained in an interleaved-ascending order covering the entire brain, and resting-state fMRI data (240 volumes, 8 min) was collected.
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7

Characterization of Anti-EGFR-PEG-SPIO Nanoparticles

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The morphology of these nanoparticles was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, FEI Tecnai G20). The hydrodynamic diameter of these nanoparticles before and after conjugation with anti-EGFR mAb was performed by dynamic light scattering (DLS, Nano ZS, Malvern) at room temperature. Hysteresis loop was investigated by a Quantum Design MPMS 5MPMS superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer at room temperature. Regaku D/Max-2500 diffractometer was employed to record X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and structural properties of the nanoparticle samples. The T2 values of the anti-EGFR-PEG-SPIO and PEGylated SPIO nanoparticles were carried out at 3.0 T MRI Scanner (GE signa HDx, USA.) at 37 °C. The acquisition parameters were: TR=4000 ms, TE=60 ms; slice thickness=1 mm; slice spacing=1 mm. A 64 mm square field of view(FOV)was used with an image matrix of 256 × 256. The relativities r2 (mM−1s−1) were calculated from the fitting of the 1/T2 versus plots.
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8

Resting-State fMRI Acquisition Protocol

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Each participant received a resting-state scan in a 3.0-T scanner (GE Signa HDx, General Electric, US) with the head fixed by foam pads to minimize head motion. T1-weighted structural images were acquired with a three-dimensional spoiled-gradient recalled-acquisition sequence (3D-SPGR, Time of Repetition, 7.876 ms; Time of Echo, 3.06 ms; slice thickness, 1.2 mm; field of view, 22 cm × 22 cm; resolution, 1 × 1 × 1 mm3; Time of inversion, 400 ms). T2*-weighted functional imaging was performed using an echo planar imaging sequence (EPI, Time of Repetition, 2000 ms; Time of Echo, 22.5 ms; slice thickness, 4.0 mm; field of view, 22 cm × 22 cm; skip between slices, 0.6 mm; matrix, 64 × 64; flip angle, 30 °C; voxel size, 3.75 × 3.75 × 4 mm3). For each participant, 33 axial slices without gaps were obtained in an interleaved-ascending order covering the entire brain, and resting-state fMRI data (240 volumes, 8 min) was collected.
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9

EMBARC MRI Acquisition Protocol

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The MRI acquisition parameters of the EMBARC dataset have been previously described (Bartlett et al., 2018 (link); Trivedi et al., 2016 ). The EMBARC MRI sites and scanners were the following: University of Michigan (UM—Philips Ingenia, 15-channel), Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH—Siemens TrioTim, 12-channel), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (TX—Philips Achieva, 8-channel head-coil), and Columbia University Medical Center (CU—GE Signa HDx, 8-channel). MPRAGE sequences were acquired from the former two sites, a 3D turbo field echo (TFE) sequence was acquired at TX, and an inversion recovery-fast spoiled gradient-echo (IR-FSPGR) sequence was acquired at CU. Sequence parameters were as follows: TR/TE = 5.9–8.2/2.4–4.6 ms, 8–12° flip angle, 1 mm slice thickness, 4.4–5.5 min acquisition, and 1 mm isotropic voxel dimensions. OurThe current study was based on the baseline data.
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10

resting-state fMRI data acquisition

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were obtained while participants rested with eyes closed using a T2* weighted gradient echo spiral pulse sequence: TR = 2000 ms, TE = 30 ms, flip angle = 80°, and 1 interleave, FOV = 22 cm, matrix = 64 × 64, in-plane resolution = 3.4375 mm2, number of volumes = 216 with a 3 T GE Signa HDx whole body scanner (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI). A high-order shimming method was employed to reduce field heterogeneity. A high-resolution, 3D IR-prepared FSPGR anatomic scan was obtained: TR: 8.5, TE: minimum, flip: 15 degrees, TI: 400 ms, BW: + / − 31.25 kHz, FOV: 22 cm, phase FOV: 0.75, slice thickness: 1.5 mm, 124 slices, 256 × 256 @ 1 NEX, scan time: 4:33 min.
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