Alizarin red staining and oil red staining were used for passage 3 cMSCs cells cultured for 3 weeks in the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation mediums, respectively. Mediums were changed twice per week. The osteogenic differentiation medium contained the control medium supplemented with 0.2 mM
ascorbic2phosphate (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 10 mM
Na-b-glycerophosphate (Sigma Co.), and 10 -8 M
dexamethasone (Sigma). The adipogenic differentiation medium contained the control medium supplemented with 0.2 mM
ascorbic3 phosphate (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 100 μM
indomethacin (Sigma Co.), and 10 -5 M
dexamethasone (Sigma). The chondrogenic differentiation medium contained the control medium supplemented with 10 ng
TGF-β3 (Transforming Growth Factor-β3, Sigma), 10 ng BMP-6(Bone Morphogenetic protein-6, sigma Co.), 50 ng ITS + premix (Insulin-Transferin-Selenium, Sigma) and 5.35 mg
Bovin Serum Albumin (Sigma). After 3 weeks, cell layers were washed twice with PBS, fixed with 4% formalin for 15 min, and then washed with distilled water. Subsequently, cells were incubated for 2 min with either alizarin red or oil red, and evaluated by light microscope.
Khojasteh A., Fahimipour F., Eslaminejad M.B., Jafarian M., Jahangir S., Bastami F., Tahriri M., Karkhaneh A, & Tayebi L. (2016). Development of PLGA-coated β-TCP scaffolds containing VEGF for bone tissue engineering. Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications, 69.