Bx 51 w dp70 microscope

¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra were obtained with a Varian VNMRS (600 MHz) spectrometer. UV-vis spectra were recorded on a single beam Agilent 8453 UV-vis spectrometer (Agilent Technologies). Absorption spectra were obtained with a USB2000 miniature fiber-optic spectrometer (Ocean Optics). XRD spectra were recorded on a D8 discover (Bruker). Optical microscopic images were obtained with an Olympus BX 51 W/DP70 microscope. TEM images were collected using a Zeiss LEO912AB microscope. SEM images were collected with a NOVA NanoSEM 450 at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV. IR spectra were recorded on a Thermo Nicolet NEXUS 870 FT-IR with KBr plate. Raman spectra were obtained with a Raman microscope (785 nm laser, LabRAM HR Evolution, Horiba).

Examination of the optical and fluorescence images of the leaves was conducted using an Olympus (BX51 W/DP70) microscope with a U-MWG2 filter set (510–550 nm excitation, exposure time of 142 ms). UV-visible absorption spectra were recorded using a single beam Agilent 8453 UV–visible Spectrometer (Agilent Technologies). The Raman spectra of the PDA film at locations on the leaf for active and inactive stomata respectively were collected with a Raman microscope (Horiba Scientific, LabRAM HR Evolution) using a 785 nm excitation laser. The leaf sample was immobilized onto a glass slide using double sided tape. For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the leaf samples were immobilized onto an SEM plate using carbon tape as well as silver paste, and the leaves were sputter coated with platinum prior to SEM. SEM of the stomata was conducted with a JEOL(JSM-6330F) FE-SEM.