Hydrogen peroxide

2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), acetonitrile (high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] grade), and the standard syringic acid and vanillic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, United States). The standard ganoderic acids A, B, C1, and C2 and ganoderenic acid B (≥97%) were purchased from Baoji Chenguang Biotechnology (Baoji, China). The standard protocatechuic acid and gallic acid were purchased from TargetMol (Boston, United States). The standard rutin was purchased from Dr. Ehrenstorfer (Augsburg, Germany). The standard quercetin-3-D-galactoside, coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and hydroxybenzoic acid were purchased from Shanghai YuanYe Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). pBR322 plasmid DNA was purchased from Sangon Biotech. (Shanghai, China). RNA Isolation kit, TransScript All-in-One First-Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix kit, and other qPCR reagents were purchased from TransGen Biotech (Beijing, China). Ascorbic acid, pyrogallol, hydrogen peroxide, and all other chemicals and solvents were purchased from Shanghai Chemical Reagent Company (Shanghai, China).

Analytical-grade manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl₂·4H₂O, ≥99%), ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃·6H₂O, ≥99%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH, 25%), potassium permanganate (KMnO₄, 99.9%), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, 30%), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄, 98%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%), and nitric acid (HNO₃, 63%) used in this study were purchased from Shanghai Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. Methylene blue (MB, C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S·3H₂O) and arsenic(v) used as model pollutant agents were obtained from HanChem Chemical Agent Company (Daejeon, Korea).