Edta 2na

CuCl₂·2H₂O, ZnCl₂, and EDTA-2Na were all purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., China. Their respective molecular weights are 170.48, 136.30, and 372.24 g/mol respectively. Naphthalene and fluoranthene were provided by Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co. from China with a purity >98%. These two PAHs were commonly found with the highest concentrations among the 16 USA EPA priority PAHs in contaminated sites. Their general physicochemical properties are given in Table 1.

The bulk material MAX (Ti₃AlC₂, 400 mesh) was purchased from Kaixi Tech, China. LiF (≥99%), EDTA-2Na (≥98%), HCl (12 M), KCl, NaCl, LiCl, CaCl₂, and MgCl₂ were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, China. Polyethersulfone (PES) substrate (0.22  μm) was purchased from CNW ANPEL Laboratory Technologies Inc., Shanghai, China. AAO disc filters (100-nm pore, 25-mm diameter) were purchased from GE Healthcare Whatman. All the chemicals were used as received without further purification. Deionized water was produced by an ULUPURE ultrapure water system (ULUPURE, China).

For LC-MS, methanol (HPLC grade), acetonitrile (HPLC grade), formic acid (HPLC grade), and 2-chloro-L-phenylalanine (as an internal standard) were purchased from Sigma. (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Ultrapure water was produced using the Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
Animal treatment took corn oil (GLBIO, Montclair, CA, USA) as well as estradiol (GLBIO, Montclair, CA, USA) into application. The low limb samples used for micro computed tomography (Micro-CT) and histopathology examinations were preserved applying 80% paraformaldehyde stationary liquid (Labgic Technology, Beijing, China).
In the bone tissue decalcification process, EDTA-2Na and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. For hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, anhydrous ethanol was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The environmentally friendly dewaxing agent, transparent agent and sealed tablet were purchased from Tonsen tech, Wuhan, China. The histopathological staining kits were purchased from Biossci (Beijing, China) for HE staining (model BP092), TRAP staining (model BP088), and ALP (Model BP090).

All chemicals with analytical grade were used without further purification and purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Beijing China) as follows: (NH₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄·4H₂O (99%), HNO₃ (98%), AgNO₃ (98.9%), KI (≥ 99.0%), thiophene (99%), ethanol (≥ 99.7%), BaSO₄, isopropanol alcohol (IPA, ≥ 99.7%), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na, 99%), and 1, 4-benzoquinone (BQ, 98%). Deionized water was used for all reactions, if no any special emphasis is given otherwise.

TR-701 was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. OH–PLGA–COOH 50/50 (PLGA, Mw = 20,000) was purchased from Jinan Daigang Biomaterial Co., Ltd. Poloxamer188 (P188) was purchased from BASF. DiO (green fluorescent probe), Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 4% paraformaldehyde, antifade mounting medium, PBS, 10 $\times$ PBS were purchased from Biyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Saline and agar powder were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 2% Phosphotungstic acid was purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Carbon support film (230 mesh) was purchased from Beijing Zhongjingkeyi Technology Co., Ltd. Dialysis bag (36 mm, MD44, MW:3500) was purchased from Shanghai labeen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA, penicillin-streptomycin and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco, USA. DMEM high glucose medium was purchased from HyClone Biochemical Products (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Shanghai MP Biomedical Co., Ltd. Sodium chloride (>99.5%) was purchased from Shanghai Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Sodium bicarbonate (>99%) was purchased from Shanghai Saen Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. Yeast extract and tryptone were purchased from Oxoid, USA. Acetone and EDTA-2Na were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.