The images were assessed by a board-certified, fellowship-trained, musculoskeletal radiologist with 13 years of experience (N.S.M.).19 The radiologist was blinded to the study cohorts but not to the prior MRI examinations of each participant in order to access for subtle changes over time as is done in routine clinical care. Tendinopathies were rated as mild, mild-moderate, moderate, moderate-severe, and severe, and tendinopathy scores of 1 to 5 were assigned respectively. Tendon tears were graded as low, intermediate, and high grade partial thickness and full thickness tears, and tear scores of 6 to 9 were assigned respectively. Tendinopathy and tear scores at time 1 and time 2 and the differences between the scores at the two time points were calculated for each rotator cuff tendon (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor). Any positive difference in the tendinopathy or tear score on each shoulder (dominant or nondominant) was defined as progression of rotator cuff tendon pathology for that shoulder.
Scanners
Siemens scanners are medical imaging devices used to capture detailed images of the body's internal structures. They employ various scanning technologies, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to generate high-quality diagnostic images. The core function of Siemens scanners is to provide healthcare professionals with the necessary visual information to support clinical decision-making.
11 protocols using scanners
Longitudinal Shoulder MRI Evaluation
The images were assessed by a board-certified, fellowship-trained, musculoskeletal radiologist with 13 years of experience (N.S.M.).19 The radiologist was blinded to the study cohorts but not to the prior MRI examinations of each participant in order to access for subtle changes over time as is done in routine clinical care. Tendinopathies were rated as mild, mild-moderate, moderate, moderate-severe, and severe, and tendinopathy scores of 1 to 5 were assigned respectively. Tendon tears were graded as low, intermediate, and high grade partial thickness and full thickness tears, and tear scores of 6 to 9 were assigned respectively. Tendinopathy and tear scores at time 1 and time 2 and the differences between the scores at the two time points were calculated for each rotator cuff tendon (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor). Any positive difference in the tendinopathy or tear score on each shoulder (dominant or nondominant) was defined as progression of rotator cuff tendon pathology for that shoulder.
Multimodal Brain MRI Acquisition
Longitudinal Shoulder MRI in MWC Users
Perfusion-Weighted Imaging for Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Protocols for MRI Studies
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Protocols Across Scanners
Multivendor CT Image Database
Whole-Brain fMRI Acquisition Protocol
Comprehensive Neuroimaging Protocol for the ABCD Study
For the current study, we used the structural MRI data acquired from 3D T1-weighted images with a 1 mm isotropic resolution. The 3D T1-weighted images were acquired while the participant watched a child-friendly movie. Centralized processing and analyses of MRI data were conducted by the ABCD Data Analysis and Informatics Center. Real-time motion detection and correction were utilized on General Electric and Siemens Scanners. Signal-to-Noise Ratio and head motion statistics were automatically calculated for quality control. For manual quality control, images were reviewed by trained technicians, and those deemed unacceptable due to artifacts were not included in the data set [48 (link)].
Cortical volumes were constructed using FreeSurfer version 5.3.0 and segmented according to the Desikan–Killiany atlas [49 (link)]. Total Cortical Volumes for the prefrontal cortex (our primary region of interest) and occipital cortex (a control region) were calculated by summing the volumes of the regions of interest included in these areas. We also used bilateral total cortical volume.
Resting-State Connectivity Analysis of Healthy and Diagnosed Individuals
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