Five different types of digital radiography systems were used to take posteroanterior CXR in Hospital-1 (Digital Diagnost, Philips; GC85A, Samsung; RADspeed, Shimadzu; CXDI, Canon; and XR220, Optima), four types in Hospital-2 (XR656, GE; Optima XR220, GE; Platinum 43, DMS; and CXDI, Canon), and five types in the eight community clinics (CXDI, Canon; DRX-Evolution, Carestream; uDR, United Imaging; Fluorospot Compact FD, Siemens; and Digital Diagnost, Philips). Supplementary Table 1 lists the DR equipments and acquisition parameters.
Fluorospot compact fd
Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in United States
The Fluorospot Compact FD is a laboratory equipment product designed for fluorescence detection and analysis. It offers core functionality for conducting fluorescence-based experiments and measurements, without any further interpretation or extrapolation on its intended use.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Optima xr220, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Somatom definition as, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Somatom force, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Somatom definition, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Digitaldiagnost, by Philips (1 mentions)
Radspeed, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Drx evolution, by Carestream (1 mentions)
Gc85a, by Samsung (1 mentions)
Somatom sensation 64, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Drx revolution, by Carestream (1 mentions)
Emotion 16, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Drx revolution mobile x ray system, by Carestream (1 mentions)
4 protocols using fluorospot compact fd
1
Multimodal Digital Radiography Evaluation
2
Multidetector CT and Chest Radiograph Protocol
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All noncontrast CT scans were obtained in the supine position at full inspiration using a multidetector CT scanner with 16 or more detector channels (Emotion 16, Somatom Sensation 64, Somatom Definition, Somatom Definition AS+, and Somatom Force; Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). The CT tube voltage and current were 120 kVp, and a standard-dose or low-dose setting with automatic exposure control was used according to institutional protocols. Axial CT images were reconstructed with a slice thickness of 1 mm (3 mm in a minority of the cases) and a sharp reconstruction kernel. Chest radiographs were obtained using the following devices: DRX-Revolution (Carestream Health, Rochester, NY); Optima XR220 (GE Healthcare, Chicago, Ill); Fluorospot Compact FD (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany); and CXDI (Canon, Tokyo, Japan). All chest radiographs consisted of single frontal view. Fourteen chest radiographs were taken at upright position with posteroanterior projection, and the remaining were taken with anteroposterior (AP) projection in supine position or sitting position.
3
Chest CT and Radiography for COVID-19
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All CT examinations were performed using a multi-detector CT scanner with 64 or more channels (Somatom Definition, Somatom Definition AS+, or Somatom Force, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). The detailed parameters for CT acquisition were as follows: tube voltage, 120 kVp; tube current, standard (reference mAs, 60–120) to low-dose (reference mAs, 30) with automatic exposure control; slice thickness, 1.0 mm; reconstruction interval, 1.0–3.0 mm; and a sharp reconstruction kernel. CT images were obtained with the patient in the supine position at full inspiration and without contrast medium.
All patients underwent a baseline digital anteroposterior chest radiography at full inspiration using a mobile chest radiograph machine (FLUOROSPOT Compact FD, Siemens Healthineers; DRX-Revolution Mobile X-ray System, Carestream Health, Rochester, NY, USA; or Optima XR220, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA).
Eight of the nine patients had parenchymal abnormalities on their baseline chest CT scans. In another patient, the baseline chest CT scan was normal, and parenchymal abnormalities were observed on a follow-up CT scan one week later. Accordingly, we analyzed eight baseline chest CT scans and one follow-up CT scan with abnormal findings of COVID-19 pneumonia.
All patients underwent a baseline digital anteroposterior chest radiography at full inspiration using a mobile chest radiograph machine (FLUOROSPOT Compact FD, Siemens Healthineers; DRX-Revolution Mobile X-ray System, Carestream Health, Rochester, NY, USA; or Optima XR220, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA).
Eight of the nine patients had parenchymal abnormalities on their baseline chest CT scans. In another patient, the baseline chest CT scan was normal, and parenchymal abnormalities were observed on a follow-up CT scan one week later. Accordingly, we analyzed eight baseline chest CT scans and one follow-up CT scan with abnormal findings of COVID-19 pneumonia.
4
Radiological Examination of Skeletal System
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Odense patients were examined using DR technology on Siemens Fluorospot compact FD equipment, according to Department of Radiology standard protocol, consisting of: AP and lateral projections of skull and spine, PA and lateral projections of chest and shoulder girdles, and AP projections of pelvis, femur and humerus.
Stavanger patients were examined using DR technology on GE equipment. The imaging protocol was similar to that of Odense, but additionally included AP projections of crus and forearms.
Stavanger patients were examined using DR technology on GE equipment. The imaging protocol was similar to that of Odense, but additionally included AP projections of crus and forearms.
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