Demographics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level), medical conditions, medications, family history, and adverse events during the study were obtained by self-report. Height and weight were measured without shoes. Percent body fat was estimated from bioimpedance (Omron Fat Loss Monitor HBF-306C, OMRON Healthcare, Inc., Lake Forest, IL), blood pressure and heart rate were measured via an automated instrument (Omron HEM-712C). Circumferences of the waist and hip were measured using a plastic tape over light clothing.
Hem 712c
Manufactured by Omron
Sourced in United States, Germany
The HEM-712C is an electronic blood pressure monitor designed for home use. It measures both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as heart rate. The device is clinically validated and features an easy-to-read LCD display.
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Lab products found in correlation
17 protocols using hem 712c
1
Comprehensive Health Assessment Protocol
2
Comprehensive Cardiometabolic Evaluation Protocol
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Participants underwent a physical examination that included anthropometric, blood pressure, and capillary glucose and lipids measurements. We used standardised techniques for anthropometric examinations [35 ]. Individuals were weighed using a floor scale. Height was measured using a portable stadiometer. Waist circumference was measured using a tape measure. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with the participant seated and in repose. Participants with high blood pressure (≥130 mm Hg systolic or ≥85 mm Hg diastolic) in their first measurement received a second measurement. Both values were averaged for the MetS diagnosis. We used a calibrated automatic blood pressure meter (OMRON HEM-712C).
We collected biomarkers through fasting capillary blood samples for the analysis of HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels. Capillary blood samples were analysed using a point of care testing device (CardioChek PA) validated for reliably measuring lipid and glucose levels [36 (link)]. For glucose levels, we applied a conversion factor of 1.11 to transform whole blood glucose values obtained from the device to plasma glucose values [37 (link)]. Internal quality control testing was performed as recommended by the manufacturer.
We collected biomarkers through fasting capillary blood samples for the analysis of HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels. Capillary blood samples were analysed using a point of care testing device (CardioChek PA) validated for reliably measuring lipid and glucose levels [36 (link)]. For glucose levels, we applied a conversion factor of 1.11 to transform whole blood glucose values obtained from the device to plasma glucose values [37 (link)]. Internal quality control testing was performed as recommended by the manufacturer.
3
Measuring Diabetes Knowledge and Physiology
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Two scales assessed diabetes knowledge. The first was developed using the Diabetes Knowledge Test,38 and the second scale included questions adapted from the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test.49 (link) For both, correct was coded to 1 and incorrect was coded to 0; responses were summed for a total score of 0–7, with 7 representing the highest knowledge.
Physiological measures include weight, height, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). All measures were collected by CHWs and study staff. Height was collected at baseline using a tape measure taped to the wall. Weight was recorded using a scale, and BMI was calculated using baseline height. BP was measured using an Omron HEM-712C automatic BP monitor. Three resting BP measurements were taken while participants were in a seated position; the second and third measurements were averaged. Glucose and cholesterol were collected by the CHWs at baseline using finger prick.
Physiological measures include weight, height, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). All measures were collected by CHWs and study staff. Height was collected at baseline using a tape measure taped to the wall. Weight was recorded using a scale, and BMI was calculated using baseline height. BP was measured using an Omron HEM-712C automatic BP monitor. Three resting BP measurements were taken while participants were in a seated position; the second and third measurements were averaged. Glucose and cholesterol were collected by the CHWs at baseline using finger prick.
4
Standardized Blood Pressure Measurement
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BP was measured according to the Seventh Brazilian Guidelines for Hypertension [32 (link)], using a validated automatic oscillometer (Omron®, model HEM-712 C, Omron Health Care, Inc., Vernon Hills, IL, USA) handled by a nursing technician, who also collected data on antihypertensive drug use. Measurements were conducted following a five-minute resting period in a seated position, with participants’ arms supported at heart level. BP was initially measured in the right arm, followed by a measurement in the left arm one minute later. An additional measurement was taken in the arm displaying the highest value. In cases where there was a discrepancy greater than 10% between the readings, a third measurement was obtained. The arithmetic mean of three assessments was recorded as the final BP. The participants were considered to have high BP if they had a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, according to national and international recommendations [32 (link),33 (link)].
5
Anthropometrics, Vital Signs, and Bloodwork Protocol
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During visits 1 and 22, anthropometrics, RHR and BP were assessed. Upon arrival to the HPL, body mass (± 0.1 kg) and height (± 0.1 cm) were measured using a Health-O-Meter professional scale (Patient Weighing Scale, Model 500 KL; Pelstar, Alsip, IL, USA). Following 15-minutes of rest in a supine position, RHR and BP were assessed using a digital blood pressure monitor (Omron Healthcare, Inc, HEM-712C, Vernon Hills, Illinois, USA). A resting blood sample was then obtained from an antecubital vein in the superficial forearm using a 21-gauge disposable needle stick by an experienced lab technician. Blood was drawn into serum separator tubes (SST), serum tubes, and EDTA tubes. SST and serum tubes were allowed to clot for 30 minutes prior to centrifugation and then separated at 3000 × g for 15 minutes at room temperature. The resulting serum from the serum tube was then transferred to a 5 mL transport tube. Samples were then packaged along with a requisition form for analysis at a commercial laboratory (Quest Diagnostics, Tampa, FL, USA) for blood lipids, metabolic blood chemistry, and complete blood counts.
6
Automated Blood Pressure Measurement
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Blood pressure was measured by a trained study physician using an automated sphygmomanometer with a digital display (HEM 712-C; Omron Healthcare GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) and a pediatric cuff. This device has been validated to have 85% of readings fall within 10 mmHg of the mercury standard.27 (link) Blood pressure was measured after the participant had been seated for 5 minutes, with the cuff around the upper left arm. A second measure was repeated after 5 minutes of rest, and the mean of the two readings was used. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were modeled as untransformed continuous variables in this analysis.
7
Blood Pressure Measurement Protocol
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During the home visit, BP was measured using an automatic blood pressure monitor (Omron HEM-712C, Omron Health Care, Inc., Vernon Hills, IL, USA) handled by a nursing technician, according to the recommendations of the V Brazilian Guidelines on Hypertension [29 (link)]. Participants were considered to have high BP if they had systolic (SBP) and/or diastolic (DBP) higher or equal to 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively, according to the national and international recommendations [29 (link),30 (link)].
8
Validated Automated Blood Pressure Measurement
9
Standardized Blood Pressure Measurement Protocol
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Blood pressure will be measured using a standardized digital blood pressure machine (OMRON HEM-712C). Blood pressure will be measured on the left arm with the participant in a seated position. The first reading will be taken after resting for at least 5 min. The second and third readings will be taken halfway and at the end of interview, respectively. An average of three readings will be used in the analysis. Participants with elevated blood pressure will have measurements repeated on the following days to confirm their elevated blood pressure. Hypertension will be defined as average SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or current treatment with antihypertensive medications in accordance with the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure [38 (link)].
10
Salivary Cortisol and Blood Pressure Response
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Salivary cortisol was repeatedly assessed from 7 saliva samples at the following time-points: 30 minutes after arrival (30 minutes prior to testing), 1 minute prior to testing, immediately after testing (15 minutes after last sample in the control condition), and 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes post-test. Saliva samples were kept at room temperature throughout the session, were immediately centrifuged at the end of the session at 3000 rpm at 24°C for 15 minutes, and then stored at -80°C until assayed. Systolic and diastolic blood-pressure were measured at the same time points as salivary cortisol.
Salivette swabs (Sarstedt, Germany) were used to collect saliva. Salivary cortisol was assessed, in duplicate, through an enzyme immunoassay protocol (Salimetrics) with known controls. The lower detection limit of the assay is <0.007 ug/dL. Intra-assay CV was 9.88% across all samples and inter-assay CV 5.79% across four plates. Participants’ blood pressure was measured, while seated, using an automatic monitor (Omron HEM-712C).
Salivette swabs (Sarstedt, Germany) were used to collect saliva. Salivary cortisol was assessed, in duplicate, through an enzyme immunoassay protocol (Salimetrics) with known controls. The lower detection limit of the assay is <0.007 ug/dL. Intra-assay CV was 9.88% across all samples and inter-assay CV 5.79% across four plates. Participants’ blood pressure was measured, while seated, using an automatic monitor (Omron HEM-712C).
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