2 20 azino bis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid

The grapefruit’s segmental membranes and skins were gathered for secondary raw materials when the juice was extracted from grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi L., variety Star Ruby, Italy, unknown place). After being diced up in a food processor, these components were frozen at −18 ± 0.9 °C until extraction. Figure 5 depicts the fruit slices that were utilized in this investigation.
Standards of naringin, naringenin, and narirutin were obtained from Sigma Aldrich in Steinheim, Germany. Hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, methanol, acetonitrile, Trolox, α-, β-, and γ-CDs were obtained from Sigma Aldrich in HH, DE. Ethanol (96%) was obtained from Vilniaus Degtine in Vilniaus, LT. GFL2004 was used to manufacture filtered water (Burgwedelis, DE). The following reagents were also utilized: aluminum chloride, hexamethylenetetramine, acetic acid, 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), potassium persulfate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, saline phosphate buffer, and hydrogen peroxide from Sigma Aldrich (Schnelldorf, Germany); disodium hydrogen phosphate obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany); 2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH).

Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid standard, 2,20-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), and 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox standard) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Analytical grade solvents and reagents were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

The reagents used in the analysis satisfied all quality requirements and were of analytical grade. The following reagents were used in the study: ethanol 96% (v/v) (manufactured by Stumbras AB, Kaunas, Lithuania), the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie, Steinheim, Germany), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) (Carl Roth GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany), gallic acid monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie, Steinheim, Germany), 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃·6H₂O), sodium acetate trihydrate (CH₃COONa·3H₂O) (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie, Steinheim, Germany), glacial acetic acid 99.8% (Lachner, Neratovice, Czech Republic), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) (Carl Roth GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany), concentrated hydrochloric acid (Fluka-Chemie, Buchs, Switzerland), Trolox ((±)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromano-2-carboxylic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), aluminum chloride hexahydrate (Fluka, Germany), hexamethylenetetramine (Sigma-Aldrich, Gillingham, UK), rutin (Carl Roth GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany), sodium molybdate, sodium nitrite, sodium hydroxide (Chempur, Tarnowskie Gory, Poland); quercitrin, (+)-catechin, and (−)-epicatechin (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany). Purified water was produced using the Milli-Q^® water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).