Tricholine citrate tcc

Electrophysiological recordings were made at labellar sensilla of flies fed sugar or control diet for 1 or 7 days, following a protocol similar to those described previously (Hiroi et al., 2002 (link); Wang et al., 2016 (link)). Briefly, three to five L-type labellar bristles were recorded on each fly. The recording electrode (tip diameter, 12–15 μm) was filled with designed experimental tastants. Each chosen L-type bristle was stimulated by different concentrations of sucrose (in text) in 30mM tricholine citrate (TCC, Sigma-Aldrich, as electrolyte). To avoid adaptation, each labellar taste sensilla was stimulated up to 4 s and allowed to recover for > 2 minutes before applying another stimulus. Signals were acquired using an AxonClamp 900A amplifier and digitized with a 1400A D-A converter and AxoScope 10 software (Molecular Devices) at sampling rate of 10 kHz, filtered at 3 kHz. Electric signals were further amplified and filtered by a second amplifier (CyberAmp 320, Axon Instrument, Inc., USA, with gain X 100, Lowpass filter 1600 Hz).