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5 protocols using cd15 apc

1

Identifying Immune Cell Subsets by Flow Cytometry

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Cells were washed to remove DTT and stained with the indicated antibodies: HLA-DR-APC (BD Bioscience, Oxford, UK), CD16-PE, CD36-PE, CD15-APC (Biolegend, San Diego, CA) and CD14-biotin (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL). Staining combinations were as follows: CD15, CD14/CD16, CD14/HLA-DR/CD36. Streptavidin-PE-Cy5.5 tandem conjugate (eBioscience) was used as a secondary reagent to detect biotinylated primary antibodies. Following staining, samples were immediately analysed by flow cytometry (FACScalibur, Becton Dickinson, Oxford, UK).
Neutrophils were identified as CD15+ events. Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage were identified as CD14+. CD15+ neutrophils were CD14 negative, allowing distinction of these two cell types [10] (link). CD14+/16++ non-classical monocytes were identified as highly CD16 positive CD14+ cells. Forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) profiles were also examined. Flow cytometry data were analysed using FlowJo (Tree Star Inc, Ashland, OR).
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2

Opsonized Microsphere Phagocytosis Assay

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We coated the Fluoresbrite YG Carboxylate Microspheres, 1 µm (Polysciences, 15702-10) with 2 mg/mL human immunoglobulins (IVIg, Gammunex-C) or 2 mg/mL human serum albumin (HSA, Sigma-Aldrich) and stored them at 4°C in a DPBS-NaCl buffer with 10 mg/mL bovine serum albumin (BSA, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). We then centrifuged the microspheres and replaced the supernatant with 50% autologous serum diluted in DPBS-NaCl buffers of various salt concentration (137, 200 or 300 mM). We vortexed the microspheres for 5 minutes and washed them with 1% BSA in DPBS. We resuspended them in hypertonic sodium-rich media (137, 200 or 300 mM). The microspheres were sonicated for 10 minutes, and vortexed for 5 minutes before immediate use. We isolated the neutrophils as described in 2.2., and resuspended them in respective DPBS-NaCl buffers (137, 200 or 300 mM). We added the final microsphere suspension to the cells and incubated them for 1 hour at 37°C and 5% CO2. We stained the cells with CD15 APC (BioLegend, 1:150) and CD16 PB (BD Pharmingen, 1:150) for 30 minutes at 4°C and quantified the signal using the Gallios Flow Cytometer (Beckman Coulter). The analysis was performed in Kaluza Analysis 2.1 software (Beckman Coulter).
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3

Sorting and Isolation of Colon Immune Cells

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For patients with biopsies spanning multiple regions, descending colon and sigmoid-rectum cell suspensions were combined in equal numbers to provide an aggregate analysis of the lower colon. Cells stained with viability dye (0.4–0.6 × 106) were resuspended in 100 μL of FACS wash buffer (FWB; PBS, 2%FBS, 1 mM EDTA) with the addition of the following antibodies: TruStain FcX (Biolegend 422302), CD3-PE/Dazzle (Biolegend 300450), CD45-Pacific Blue (Biolegend 304022), CD66b-PE/Cy7 (Biolegend 305116) and CD15-APC (Biolegend 301908). Cells were incubated on ice for 20 minutes, washed with 1 mL FWB, and then resuspended in 500 μL FWB for sorting on a FACS Aria II or III (BD Biosciences). For the majority of samples, 12–15 × 103 live CD45+CD66b mononuclear cells (MNC) cells and CD3+ cells (pre-gated on live MNC) were separately sorted into T cell media (RMPI + 10% FBS) and immediately transferred to ice. CD66b+ granulocytes were excluded from the analysis because these cells interfere with scRNA-seq using the 10X Genomics protocol.
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4

Oxidative Stress in Neutrophils

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We pre-incubated freshly isolated neutrophils at 37°C with general oxidative stress indicator 2 µM CM-H2DCFDA (ThermoFisher Scientific) or mitochondrial superoxide indicator 5 µM MitoSOX Red (ThermoFisher Scientific) for 20 or 10 minutes, respectively, and incubated them in respective DPBS-NaCl buffers (137, 200 or 300 mM) without serum upon Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 100 ng/mL) or Pyocyanin (10 µM or 50 µM, respectively) stimulation for another 20 minutes. We stained the neutrophils with CD15 APC (BioLegend, 1:150) and CD16 PB (BD Pharmingen, 1:150) for 30 minutes at 4°C, and assessed the CM-H2DCFDA (ThermoFisher Scientific) and MitoSOX Red (ThermoFisher Scientific) fluorescence in the FL-2 channel with the Gallios Flow Cytometer (Beckman Coulter). The analysis was performed in Kaluza Analysis 2.1 software (Beckman Coulter).
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5

Defining Immune Cell Populations in PBMCs

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Frequencies of LDG and monocytes within PBMCs as well as the cell number and purity of neutrophils were defined in single cell suspensions of 1x106 cells/mL. Surface staining for anti-human: CD15-APC (BioLegend), CD14-PE (BioLegend), CD16-APC-Cy7 (BioLegend) and CD66b-FITC (BioLegend) was performed for 15 min at 4 °C. Cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA). Viability dye (Zombie NIR, BioLegend) was used to determine dead cells.
Intracellular cytokine levels from CD4+ cells, were determined by stimulating PBMCs with 5 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetat (Sigma-Aldrich) and 500 ng/mL ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich) for 5 h upon addition of Brefeldin A (BioLegend). Stimulation was stopped and cells were fixed with 4% PFA, treated with 0.05% saponin (Sigma-Aldrich) and stained intracellularly with anti-human: CD4-BV650 (BioLegend), IFN-y-PB (BioLegend), IL-17-PcP (BioLegend) and IL-22-PE-Cy7 (BioLegend) (all 1:100). Expression levels were determined via flow cytometry (BD FACS Canto II), obtained data analysed with FlowJo V10.1 and statistics calculated in GraphPad Prism 5.0.
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