Cm β cd

Glacial acetic acid, and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol and hydrochloric acid were from Scharlab S.L. (Barcelona, Spain). The water employed was purified in a Millipore Milli-Q system (Bedford, MA, USA).
The following anionic CDs were assayed as chiral selectors: CM-β-CD (DS 3.0), and S-β-CD (DS 12.0–15.0) from Sigma-Aldrich; CE-β-CD (DS 2.9), CE-γ-CD (DS 3.3), CM-γ-CD (DS 3.5), Succ-β-CD (DS 3.4), Succ-γ-CD (DS 3.5), S-γ-CD (DS 10.0), and Ph-β-CD (DS 4.0) from Cyclolab (Budapest, Hungary); and captisol from Cydex Pharmaceuticals (Lawrence, Kansas).
Carfentrazone-ethyl and carfentrazone were supplied from Sigma-Aldrich and Toronto Canada Research Chemicals, respectively. The commercial herbicide formulation of Carfentrazone-ethyl was from FMC Corporation (Philadelphia, PA, USA). Cleaned and dried sand was from Labkem (Barcelona, Spain). Soil used in this work was collected from Villa del Río (Córdoba, Spain).

Escherichia coli TOP 10, the prokaryotic expression vector pTrcHis and the fluorescent dye SYPRO orange (5000× stock concentration) were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). The cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH₄), catalase, l-Phenylalanine (l-Phe), Hepes, dithiothreitol (DTT), low MM CS (61 kDa; viscosity: 42 cps) with a DD of 91.8%, TPP, cibacron brilliant red 3B-A and CM-β-CD with a DS of 3 were from Sigma Chemical Co (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hydrolysed HA ranging MM of 20–50 (PrimaHyal 50; HA-50), 100–300 (PrimaHyal 300; HA-300) and 800–1000 kDa (PrimaHyal 1000; HA-1000) were from Soliance (Pomacle, France). The β-CD (Cavamax W7) and γ-CD (Cavamax W8) were from Wacker Chemie AG (Munich, Germany). The HP-β-CD with DS of 0.65 (HP-β-CD 0.65; Kleptose HPB) and 0.99 (HP-β-CD 0.99; Kleptose HP) were from Roquette Corporate (Lestrem, France). Glycerol (molecular biology grade) was purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). All reagents were of analytical grade or equivalent.