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4 protocols using ab233135

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tumor Tissues

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The tumors from mice were paraffin-embedded and cut into 5 μm sections. After antigen retrieval, the sections were blocked in the primary antibody anti-ki-67 (ab279653, 1:1000, Abcam) or anti-PGK1 (ab233135, 1:500, Abcam). The sections were incubated in the second antibody and stained with diaminoaniline (DAB). At last, a fluorescence microscope (Axio Imager A2, Carl Zeiss AG, Germany) was used to take photos.
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tumor Biomarkers

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Paraffin-embedded clinical human and mice samples were sliced into 4 mm slides followed by dewaxing and rehydration. Antibodies against ki-67 (#9027, Cell Signaling Technology) and PGK1 (ab233135, abcam) were incubated with tissues overnight at 4 ℃. The protein expression was detected using DAB (Gene Tech). The IHC score was judged by two independent pathologists. The following proportion scores were assigned: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 if 0%, 0%–1%, 2%–10%, 11%–30%, 31%–70%, and 71%–100% of the tumor cells exhibited positive staining, respectively. Also, the staining intensity was rated on a scale of 0 to 3: 0, negative; 1, weak; 2, moderate; and 3, strong. A total score was obtained by adding the proportion score and intensity score.
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3

Quantifying Protein Expression Levels

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Protein was separated and resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfonate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE) and then transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Beyotime). The membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk for 2 h. The primary antibodies as following: anti-matrix metalloprotein 9 (anti-MMP9, ab283575, 1:1000, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-MMP2 (ab181286, 1:1000, Abcam), anti-PGK1 (ab233135, 1:1000, Abcam), anti-β-actin (ab8227, 1:1000, Abcam). The PVDF membranes were incubated in the primary antibodies at 4℃ overnight and then incubated in the secondary antibody for 1 h. The protein bands were visualized by ECL reagent (Beyotime).
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Apoptosis Regulators

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Western blot assay was used to detect protein expression levels. Proteins were extracted using RIPA total protein lysate (cat. no. P0013C, Beyotime, Inc, China) following the manufacturer's instructions. Proteins from each sample were separated by electrophoresis on 10% SDS-PAGE gels and transferred onto PVDF membranes (cat. no. FFP39, Beyotime, Inc, China). After incubation with blocking solution (cat. no. P0252, Beyotime, Inc, China), the PVDF membranes were separately incubated with anti-BCL-2, anti-BAX, anti-cleaved caspase-3, anti-GAPDH, anti-HIF-1α, anti-HIF-2α, PGK-1, VEGF, EPO, caspase-3 and p53 (cat.no. ab32124, ab32503, ab32042, ab9485, ab51608, ab243861, ab233135, ab32152, ab226956, ab32351, ab32389, Abcam, Inc, USA,1:1000) at 4°C overnight. After the blots were washed, they were incubated with HRP-conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L secondary antibody (cat.no. ab6721, Abcam, Inc, USA,1:2000) for 1.5 h and detected by ECL like Western reagent (cat. no. P0018S, Beyotime, Inc, China) with a chemiluminescent imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad, Inc, USA). For the consideration of saving primary antibodies, the PVDF membranes were cut prior to hybridisation with primary antibodies, thus the images of full length membranes were absence in this manuscript.
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