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147 protocols using acetonitrile

1

Quantitative Analysis of PCBs

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The compounds in Table 1 were provided in a standard solution from o2si smart solutions (Charleston, SC, USA) containing 18 PCB congeners (indicator PCBs: 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180; dioxin-like PCBs: 77, 81, 105, 114, 118, 123, 126, 156, 157, 167, 169, and 189) at 10 mg/L each in n-hexane. MWCNTs-COOH (length, 10–30 μm; diameter, 10–20 nm) were purchased from Nanjing XFNANO Materials Tech Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Primary secondary amine (PSA; particle size, 40–60 μm), graphitized carbon black (GCB; particle size, 40–120 μm), and octadecylsilane (C18; particle size, 40–60 μm) were from Tianjin Bonna-Agela Technologies Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). n-Hexane was of HPLC grade and purchased from Oceanpak Alexative Chemical., Ltd (Goteborg, Sweden). All other chemical reagents like acetonitrile, acetone, toluene, anhydrous Na2SO4, and anhydrous MgSO4 in this research were of analytical grade or better and purchased from Shanghai Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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2

Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks

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All solvents and chemicals used in this research were commercial products. Ethanol, N, N−dimethylformamide (DMF), mEthanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, acetonitrile, zinc chloride (ZnCl2), p−benzenedicarboylic acid (p−H2BDC), propylene carbonate (PC), Ethanol, lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and potassium carbonate were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China), 2,5−Dibromoanisole, 4−pyridineboronic acid, (beta−4)−platinum and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), 4−Bromomethylbenzoic acid, and 1,4−Dioxane were bought from Energy Chemical (Shanghai, China).
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3

Characterization of Seed Nutrients in Chinese Pumpkin Cultivars

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Seven commercial cultivars of seed‐rich pumpkin in China, including Dali, Luoren No.2, Luoren No.3, Jinhui No. 4, Ruifeng No.9, Yinhui No. 3, and Xuecheng No.2 (coded LR‐1, LR‐2, LR‐3, JH‐4, RF‐9, YH‐3, and XC‐2), were purchased from Mudanjiang Beidahuang Food Co., Ltd. All seeds were received in good shape (without damage) and were stored at 4℃.
Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), trimethylamine, n‐hexane, methyl alcohol, acetonitrile of HPLC grade, and other analytical reagents were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of Salbutamol

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Ethyleneglycol, anhydrous ethanol, sodium acetate anhydrous, iron(iii) chloride hexahydrate, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), concentrated ammonium aqueous solution (25 wt%), sodium citrate, silver nitrate, sodium nitrite, hydrochloric acid, sodium carbonate, acetonitrile, potassium chloride and sodium chloride were purchased from the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Salbutamol (SAL), sulfanilic acid, 2,2′-benzidinedisulfonic acid, clenbuterol hydrochloride, l-lysine monohydrate, aminoacetic acid, glycerol and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) contained NaCl (100 mM) and 10 mM Na2HPO4/KH2PO4, were bought from Aladdin Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Deionized water (Millipore) with a resistivity of 18 MΩ cm was used in all experiments.
2.39 mg SAL was dissolved in 10 mL methanol (1.0 × 10−3 M) and kept in the dark at 4 °C as stock solution. Then its standard solution was obtained by diluting the stock solution to the desired concentration with distilled water.
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5

Analytical Reagents for HPLC Protocols

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CH2Cl2, methanol, acetonitrile, isopropyl alcohol, and formic acid are HPLC grade from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. (Shanghai, China). Ethanol, trinitrophenol, xylene, n-butanol, and formaldehyde are AR grade from FUYU Chemical Co. (Tianjin, China).
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6

Epothilone Production Protocol

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High-fidelity DNA polymerase was purchased from TSINGKE Biological Technology (Beijing, China), a One-step PCR Cloning Kit was purchased from Novoprotein Scientific (Shanghai, China), restriction endonucleases were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Massachusetts, United States), and the kits used for plasmid and RNA extraction were obtained from Generay Biotech (Shanghai, China). Other chemicals were purchased as follows: epothilone standard samples, Meilun Biotechnology (Dalian, China); methanol (MACLIN, China), acetonitrile (Sinopharm Chemical, China) and Amberlite™ XAD-16 resin (Mosu, Shanghai, China). The primers used in this study were synthesized by TSINGKE Biological Technology and Generay Biotech, and the genes were sequenced by TSINGKE Biological Technology and GENEWIZ (Suzhou, China).
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7

Determination of Sulfamethazine, Sulfamethoxazole, and Sulfadiazine

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Ferrous sulfate, bismuth nitrate, sodium borohydride, anhydrous ethanol, citric acid (CA), sodium citrate (NaCA), glacial acetic acid, methanol, acetonitrile, ferric nitrate, sulfamethazine (SM2), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and sulfadiazine (SD) were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The 5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Company (Shanghai, China). methanol and acetonitrile were HPLC grade, while other chemical reagents were analytical grade. All aqueous solutions were prepared using ultrapure water.
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8

Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Sorbents

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Reagents: Auramine O hydrochloride (AOHCl, 90%), 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), divinylbenzene (DVB), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) were purchased from J&K Chemicals (Beijing, China). Itaconic acid (IA) was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) was purchased from Acros Organics, USA. Ethanol, acetonitrile, glacial acetic acid, mEthanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. All the chemicals are analytical reagent except for mentioned.
Instrumentation: All reagents were weighed using an electronic analytical balance (BS210S, Beijing Sartorius Balance). Evaporation was achieved by rotary evaporator (RE-2000B, Shanghai Yarong Biochemistry Instrument Factory). The vacuum conditions were achieved by a vacuum oven (DZF-6020, Shanghai Jinghong Laboratory Instrument). Centrifugation was achieved with a high-speed centrifuge (HC-2062, Anhui USTC Zonkia Scientific Instruments). Constant temperature was achieved with electric thermostatic water bath (8002, Beijing Titan Instrument). UV-Vis spectroscopy was performed with the aid of UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan). FTIR spectroscopy was performed using KBr pellets on a EQUINOX 55 (Bruker Optics, Germany) in the spectra range of 400-4000 cm -1 .
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9

Optimizing Antibody-Based Assays for Veterinary Detection

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Bovine serum albumin (BSA), tetramethylbenzidine, and horseradish peroxidase were obtained from Merck (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Goat anti-mouse IgG was purchased from Shanghai Kinbio Tech. Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Nicarbazin was obtained from Biovet JSC (Peshtera, Bulgaria). Chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, and sulphanilamide were purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Coating antigen and monoclonal antibody 14D2 were prepared and provided by the Xiya Zhang research team at Henan Agricultural University. Trisodium citrate, aurichlorohydric acid, K2CO3, methanol, acetonitrile, and other chemical reagents were provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The chicken sample was purchased from Darunfa Market (Hefei, China) and was verified to be negative by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.
Nitrocellulose membrane (Millipore 135) was obtained from Millipore AG (Millipore AG, Zug, Switzerland). A 96-well microplate was purchased from Yunpeng Technology Development Co., Ltd. (Xiamen, China). Blood filtration membrane, polyvinyl chloride plates, and absorbent paper were purchased from Shanghai Kinbio Tech. Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). A Milli-Q Ultrapure water meter was obtained from Millipore (Massachusetts, USA). An HQ-6-Ⅱ vortex mixer was bought from Beijing North Tongzheng Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).
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10

Preparation of All-Wood Biocomposites

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The sheets of manchurian ash (MA) with a thickness of 4.3 mm were purchased from Shaoxing Fengsen Wood Co., Ltd. (Shaoxing, China), which were used as the sole precursor material for the preparation of all-wood biocomposites. MA was cut into sheets with size of 55 × 40 × 4.3 mm and dried in a vacuum oven at 100 °C for 24 h prior to use. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) with a purity of ≥95%, purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China), was used as the solvent of cellulose in MA. The melting point of BMIMCl was 73 °C. It was also dried in a vacuum oven at 100 °C for 24 h before being utilized in order to remove residual moisture. Acetonitrile with a grade of analytical reagent (purity ≥99.0%) was provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and it was used to remove BMIMCl in the composites after hot-pressing.
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