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5 protocols using epr19759

1

Immunoprofiling of Renal Cell Carcinoma

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A tissue microarray (TMA) containing 756 primary ccRCC and corresponding normal tissue samples was used as described before [28] (link). For immunohistochemical staining of tissue, microarray slides or formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissue antibodies directed against CD3 (IR503, Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), CD8 (C8/144B, Dako), CD20 (IR604, Dako), CD56 (123C3, Dako), CD68 (PG-M1, Dako), CD138 (MI15, Dako), FoxP3 (236A/E7, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), myeloperoxidase (MPO) (IR511, Dako), PD-1 (NAT105, Abcam), and PD-L1 (EPR19759, Abcam) were used. All slides were stained with automatized immunostainers (autostainer plus, Dako).
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2

Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Characterization

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Anti‐PD‐L1 antibody against the extracellular domain of human PD‐L1 was purchased from Abcam (EPR19759; Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Anti‐GAPDH antibody and peroxidase‐conjugated secondary antibody were the products of ZhongShan Golden Bridge Biotech Co (Beijing, China). The human CRC cell lines SW620, SW480, and HCT8 were purchased from the Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China).
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3

Western Blot for Protein Analysis

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Whole-cell lysates were prepared as previously described.6 7 (link) Equal amounts of protein (10–50 µg) were resolved by 12% SDS-PAGE. After electrophoresis, separated proteins were transferred onto the nitrocellulose membrane. The membrane was blocked in 5% non-fat milk, followed by overnight incubation with primary antibodies. After incubation with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibody, the positive immune reactive signal was detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL; Fude Biotech, Hangzhou, China). Antibodies specific for TSHβ (D-6, 1:500), TSHR (C-10, 1:500), and β-actin (sc-47778, 1:1000) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, California, USA). Antibodies specific for PD-L1 (EPR19759, 1:250) and total p65 (E379, 1:1000) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Antibodies specific for total c-JUN (9165, 1:1000), phosphorylated c-JUN (3270, 1:1000), total AKT (4685, 1:1000), phosphorylated AKT (4060, 1:1000), phosphorylated ERK (4370, 1:1000), phosphorylated JNK (4668, 1:1000), phosphorylated p38 (4511, 1:1000) and phosphorylated p65 (3033, 1:1000) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, Massachusetts, USA). Antibodies specific for TSHα (25014–1-AP, 1:1000), total ERK (16443–1-AP, 1:1000), total JNK (24164–1-AP, 1:1000), total p38 (14064–1-AP, 1:1000) and HIF1α (66730–1-Ig, 1:1000) were purchased from Proteintech.
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Immunohistochemical Profiling of TNBC

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Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections (4 µm) from TNBC samples were used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Briefly, these sections were deparaffinized with xylene and rehydrated with a graded ethanol series (100%, 95%, and 70%) and distilled water according to standard immunohistochemical protocols. After rehydration, heat-induced antigen retrieval was performed using citrate buffer (pH=6.0) for 1.5 minutes in a water bath. Tissue sections were then soaked in a 3% H2O2 solution for 30 minutes. Rabbit monoclonal LAG-3 (1:1,000, EPR4392; Abcam, Cambridge, USA), PD-1 (1:200, EPR4877; Abcam), PD-L1 (1:200, EPR19759; Abcam), or CD8 (1:100, ab4055; Abcam) antibody was applied at 4℃ overnight. Each section was incubated with secondary antibody at 37℃ for 20 minutes, then visualized by diaminobenzidine for 3 to 10 minutes and counterstained with hematoxylin. For the negative control samples, the primary antibody was substituted with phosphate-buffered saline. Positive control samples were developed according to the manufacturer's instructions for each antibody.
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of PD-L1 Expression

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PD-L1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays (TMAs) of the respective primary tumors as previously described [20 (link)]. Briefly, to create TMAs, tissue punches were taken from the tumors, placed in paraffin blocks, and cut into thin layers before transferred to a microscope slide. Next, TMAs were stained in the CoverStainer (Dako/Agilent, Santa Clara, USA) with PD-L1 antibodies. According to the standards of the Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mainz, Germany, the anti-PD-L1 rabbit antibody EPR19759 (diluted 1: 250, Abcam, Berlin, Germany) was used. Tissue samples were provided by the tissue bank of the University Medical Center Mainz in accordance with the regulation of the tissue biobank and the approval of the ethics committee of University Medical Center Mainz (Project number: #GB000218).
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