All data were presented as the mean ± standard deviation ( ). The differences between the group means were calculated by one-way ANOVA analysis and Duncan's multirange test with the SPSS computer program (version 24.0). GraphPad Prism software (version 8.2.0) was used to visualize the results. The differences were considered to be statistically significant when P < 0.05 and highly significant when P < 0.01.
Spss computer
Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States
SPSS is a software package used for statistical analysis. It is designed to perform a variety of data analysis and presentation functions, including statistical modeling, cluster analysis, and data mining. SPSS provides users with tools for data manipulation, analysis, and presentation, and is commonly used in the fields of social sciences, market research, and healthcare.
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Lab products found in correlation
19 protocols using spss computer
1
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
2
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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SPSS computer program was used for statistical analysis. The program was coupled with Co-state computer program. The unshared letters were significant at P ≤ 0.05.
3
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Th17 and Treg Cells
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Data were analyzed using EPICS-XL PROFILE II Coulter flow cytometer (Coulter, USA). A minimum of 10000 events were collected. Data were expressed as the percentage of positive events. Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation of the means (SD) or number (%). Comparison between normally distributed parameters in the three studied groups was performed using one way AVOVA followed by “least significant difference test” if significant results was recorded. Comparison between not normally distributed parameters in the three studied groups was performed using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA test followed by Mann Whitney test if significant results were recorded. Comparison between parameters in the two studied groups was performed using either unpaired t test or Mann Whitney test, whenever it was appropriate. Comparison between categorical data was performed using the chi-squared test. Correlation between different parameters was performed using Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the diagnostic indices of Th17, Treg and Th17/Treg ratio. The data were considered significant if the p-value was ≤ 0.05 and highly significant if p-value < 0.01. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS computer program (version 12 for Windows).
4
Assessing Students' Knowledge of Research Protocols
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Data was analyzed using the SPSS computer software (SPSS Version 20, Chicago, IL, USA). Simple frequency distributions and percentages of the students’ responses toward each question were produced. Frequency responses of part two and three questions were compared using a chi-square test. Students were given a knowledge score which ranged from 0 to 10 according to their answers on part two of the questionnaire. Each correct answer was given one point. Mean knowledge score was calculated for students from different colleges and compared using one-way ANOVA. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association of students’ overall knowledge score with the tested variables. The significance level was p < 0.05.
5
Microbial Enumeration Analysis Protocol
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Data were expressed as means (±standard error of the mean) CFU and analyzed by applying general linear model for factorial experiments using SPSS computer software package (Version 16.0.0.247© 2007). Duncan’s multiple range tests were done to make specific treatment comparisons for values that were found significant by ANOVA.
6
Factors Associated with Dietary Supplement Use
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The data analysis was conducted using the SPSS computer software package version 21.0. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, median and quartiles) were used to describe continuous variables. Frequency statistics (number and percentage) were used to describe categorical variables. The differences among the general characteristics, as well as the use of DS, were analyzed by the Chi-square test (for categorical variables). Due to the scale of measurement, the scores were compared using Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine whether there was an independent relationship between DS use and demographic/lifestyle characteristics, along with conventional drug use. Results were presented in terms of adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Differences were considered to be significant if the p value was less than 0.05.
7
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Findings
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Statistical analyses were performed by a one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan׳s multiple-range tests to separate the means using the SPSS computer program for Windows (version 17.0). Results are expressed as the mean±standard error (SE). A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
8
Evaluating Anticoccidial Efficacy Across Breeds
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The data were collected, arranged, summarized, and then analyzed statistically using the SPSS computer program [59 ] according to the following models:
Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using a general linear model (GLM) that was constructed to determine the effect of the breed, treatment group, and breed × group interaction [60 (link)]. Significance was determined using Tukey’s test by the MSTAT program [61 ].
One-way ANOVA performed to determine the means of fold changes of different genes among different treatment groups and the anticoccidial index for each breed. Significance was determined using Tukey’s test.
Cross-tabulation analysis used for analysis of mortality percentage and livability percentage among the different treatment groups.
Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using a general linear model (GLM) that was constructed to determine the effect of the breed, treatment group, and breed × group interaction [60 (link)]. Significance was determined using Tukey’s test by the MSTAT program [61 ].
One-way ANOVA performed to determine the means of fold changes of different genes among different treatment groups and the anticoccidial index for each breed. Significance was determined using Tukey’s test.
Cross-tabulation analysis used for analysis of mortality percentage and livability percentage among the different treatment groups.
9
Statistical Analyses of Research Data
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Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS computer program for Windows (version 22.0). Data were analyzed for establishing their significance using one-way analysis of variance followed by least-significant difference test. Data are expressed as the mean±standard error (S.E.). Differences were regarded as significant at P<0.05.
10
Impact of Dental Caries on Child and Family
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Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS computer software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 22, Chicago, IL, USA). Frequencies and percentages of the responses toward each question were generated. They were also calculated for the child’s dental health, dental caries status, dental caries severity, BMI, and health condition categories. Because the data were normally distributed, a t-test was used to compare means according to the child’s dental health and dental caries status, while one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare means and determine the impact of dental caries severity and BMI on the A-ECOHIS score as well as child and family impact sections’ scores. Poisson regression modeling was used to confirm the association of the different independent variables with the A-ECOHIS score as well as the child and family impact sections scores. Further, the relationship between the dmft/DMFT score of the children and the A-ECOHIS score, as well as the score reported by each caregiver (farther vs. mother), was determined using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Probability values of p <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
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