Fe224

Manufactured by ADInstruments

Sourced in Australia, United States

The FE224 is a data acquisition hardware device from ADInstruments. It is designed for recording and analyzing physiological signals. The FE224 features multiple analog input channels, digital input/output channels, and signal conditioning capabilities. The specific technical details and intended applications of this product are not available in this response.

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Lab products found in correlation

11 protocols using fe224

Bladder Function Assessment via Cystometry

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Cystometry was performed as we had reported previously (5 (link)). The rats were anesthetized using 2% isoflurane, and a midline abdominal incision was made to expose the bladder. A PE-50 polyethylene tube with a fire-flared tip was implanted into the bladder dome for bladder filling and pressure recording two days before the experiments. The catheter was then implanted in the subcutaneous space. In cystometry, rats were placed in a Ballman restraining cage (Natsume Seisakusho) and the indwelling catheter to the bladder was connected via a three-way stopcock to a pressure transducer and a syringe pump (KD Scientific Inc., Holliston, MA, USA). Physiological saline was infused at room temperature (22–24°C) into the bladder at a rate of 2.4 ml/h. The intravesical pressure was recorded using a force transducer, quad bridge amplifier FE224 (ADInstruments, Bella Vista, NSW, Australia), and PowerLab data-acquisition system with LabChart Pro (ADInstruments).

Yoshizumi M., Tazawa N., Watanabe C, & Mizoguchi H. (2022). TRPV4 activation prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced painful bladder hypersensitivity in rats by regulating immune pathways. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, 1080302.

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Measuring Ocular Perfusion and Outflow

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Ocular perfusion and outflow measurements were done with a system established for the anterior chamber perfusion model [8 (link), 18 (link)–21 ]. Before each use, the system was calibrated with a water column calibration kit. Briefly, anterior segments were cultured at 37 °C and perfused at 4 μl/min with media (Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM); sh30284.02, Fisher Scientific)), 1% FBS (10082-147; Fisher Scientific), 1% antibiotic and antimycotic (15240-062; Fisher Scientific), and a microinfusion pump (70-3007; Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA, USA). IOP was measured at 2-min intervals with pressure transducers (Deltran II: DPT-200; Utah Medical Products, Midvale, UT, USA) and recorded (FE224, PL3508/P, MLA1052; ADInstruments, Sydney, Australia; LabChart 7; ADInstruments) [18 (link)]. Baseline IOP was achieved after 48 h of perfusion. The effect of netarsudil on IOP was observed over the subsequent time.

Chen S., Waxman S., Wang C., Atta S., Loewen R, & Loewen N.A. (2020). Dose-dependent effects of netarsudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on the distal outflow tract. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, 258(6), 1211-1216.

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Electrical Stimulation and Contractile Force of Tissue Constructs

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At the time of tissue construct formation, spontaneous and electrically paced twitch forces (10 V, 0.1 s) were measured within a thermostated water bath (37°C) using a high-sensitivity isometric force transducer (MLT0202, ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, CO, USA) connected to a quad bridge amplifier (FE224, ADInstruments). ECG signals were recorded using a Bio Amp (FE136, ADInstruments) as previously described.^{39 (link)} Data were acquired through a 16-channel PowerLab system (PL3516/P, ADInstruments). The ECG of the tissue construct was detected by inserting a needle cathode (MLA1213, ADInstruments) into the center of the construct and a needle anode in one of the four construct corners. The media immersing the tissue was used as a ground. The contractile twitch force was measured by attaching the force transducer arm to one free-corner of the square construct, while the other three ends of the square construct were held fixed by pins. Pre-tension was adjusted using a micro-manipulator (Radnoti LLC, Monrovia, CA, USA), set at 1000–2000 μN, force during spontaneous contraction was recorded. LabChart (ADInstruments) was used for data analysis. Electrical pacing was performed by attaching stimulating electrodes (MLA0320, ADInstruments) to the edge of the tissue and pacing at frequencies of 0.25 and 1–5 Hz (in 1-unit increments).

Tao Z.W., Mohamed M., Jacot J.G, & Birla R.K. (2018). Bioengineering Cardiac Tissue Constructs with Adult Rat Cardiomyocytes. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992), 64(5), e105-e114.

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Measurement of Transdiaphragmatic Pressure

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The Pdi was calculated by subtraction of the esophageal pressure (Pes) from the gastric pressure (Pga), ie, (Pdi = Pga − Pes). The Pes and Pga were measured by one double-lumen catheter separately opening into two latex balloons (Figure 3) respectively positioned 10 cm above the cardia and in the stomach. Furthermore, the two latex balloons were respectively filled with 0.5 mL and 1–2 mL of air.11 (link) The mouth pressure (Pm) was measured by detecting the pressure in the mouthpiece.12 (link) The mouthpiece and the two lumens of the catheter were respectively coupled to three pressure transducers (MLT844; ADInstruments, Bella Vista, NSW, Australia) that were connected to the biological signal acquisition and analysis system (Powerlab 16/35; ADInstruments) via a four-channel bridge amplifier (FE224; ADInstruments). The flow rate was obtained by using a pressure differential pneumotachograph (MLT300L; ADInstruments).

Wu W., Zhang X., Lin L., Ou Y., Li X., Guan L., Guo B., Zhou L, & Chen R. (2017). Transdiaphragmatic pressure and neural respiratory drive measured during inspiratory muscle training in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 12, 773-781.

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Cystometry Procedure for Bladder Pressure

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Cystometry was performed as we had reported previously.³⁰ Rats were anesthetized using 2% isoflurane, and a midline abdominal incision was made to expose the bladder. A PE‐50 polyethylene tube with a fire‐flared tip was implanted into the bladder dome for bladder filling and pressure recording 2 days before the experiments. A PE‐10 polyethylene tube (Natsume Seisakusho) was inserted into the right jugular vein for intravenous drug administration. After surgery, rats were placed in a Ballman restraining cage (Natsume Seisakusho) and were allowed to recover from anesthesia for 1 hour. Physiological saline was infused at room temperature (22‐24℃) into the bladder at a rate of 2.4 mL/h. Intravesical pressure was recorded using a force transducer, quad bridge amplifier FE224 (ADInstruments), and PowerLab data‐acquisition system with LabChart Pro (ADInstruments). During the course of saline infusion, before drug administration, three voiding cycles were recorded as the control values, and each parameter was averaged.

Yoshizumi M., Watanabe C, & Mizoguchi H. (2020). Gabapentin reduces painful bladder hypersensitivity in rats with lipopolysaccharide‐induced chronic cystitis. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives, 9(1), e00697.

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Measuring Contractile Twitch Force of AHM

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Example 10

Contractile Twitch Force of AHM

From day 4, twitch force was measured using a high sensitivity isometric force transducer (MLT0202, ADinstruments, Colorado Springs, Colo.), connected to a quad bridge amplifier (FE224, ADinstrument, Colorado Springs, Colo.). Data acquisition was performed through a 16 channel PowerLab system (PL3516/P, ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, Colo.). The force transducer arm was attached to one free-corner of the patch, while the other ends were held fixed; spontaneous measurements were recorded for 30-60 seconds. Pretension was adjusted using a micro-manipulator (Radnoti LLC, Monrovia, Calif.) and measurements of spontaneous contraction were recorded. A Stable-Temp hotplate (Cole-Parmer, Vernon Hills, Ill.) was used to maintain media temperatures at 37° C. throughout the course of measurement. LabChare's (ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, Colo.) peak analysis module was used to calculate the maximum twitch force and baseline force (pretension).

US10792145B2. Two stage cellularization strategy for the fabrication of bioartificial hearts (2020-10-06). None [US]. Inventors: Ravi K. Birla [US].

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Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement

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Blood pressure was recorded in anesthetized animals via femoral artery catheterization. The catheter was connected to a blood pressure transducer (DPT-200, Deltran II; Utah Medical Products Ltd., Midvale, UT) with an output to PowerLab analog-to-digital converter (4/35; ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, CO) via a Quad Bridge Amplifier (FE224; ADInstruments). LabChart software version 7 was used to record and analyze blood pressure. Blood pressure data are presented as mean arterial pressure (MAP).

Gohar E.Y, & Pollock D.M. (2021). Functional Interaction of Endothelin Receptors in Mediating Natriuresis Evoked by G Protein–Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 376(1), 98-105.

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Transient IOP Monitoring with VEGF-A

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IOP was measured continuously for 72 h with pressure transducers (Deltran II: DPT-200; Utah Medical Products, Midvale, UT, USA), recorded (FE224, PL3508/P, MLA1052; ADInstruments, Sydney, Australia), and analyzed (LabChart 7; ADInstruments). The IOP was monitored for 48 h after 24 h of control perfusion for each eye. This allowed the TM to resume normal function with a stable baseline IOP prior to the treatment. The total observation period was 72 h. Outflow facility was calculated for each eye at baseline, as well as 24 h and 48 h after AIT and the beginning of VEGF-A perfusion.

Oltmann J., Morell M., Dakroub M., Verma-Fuehring R., Hillenkamp J, & Loewen N. (2023). VEGF-A-induced changes in distal outflow tract structure and function. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, 262(2), 537-543.

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Contractile Behavior of Engineered Cardiac Tissue

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From days 2-3, at macroscopic contraction observation, twitch force of the constructs was measured using a high sensitivity isometric force transducer (MLT0202, ADInstruments), connected to a quad bridge amplifier (FE224, ADInstruments). Data acquisition was through a 16 channel PowerLab system (PL3516/P, ADInstruments). The force transducer arm was attached to one free corner of the AVEM, while the other three ends were held fixed by minutien pins; spontaneous measurements were recorded for 20-60 seconds. The contractility of AVEM patches was collated over the 14 days culture period, at 4 to 5 day intervals, to map the contractile frequency behaviour of the construct. In order to obtain the Frank-Starling relationship, pretension was adjusted using a micro-manipulator (Radnoti LLC, Monrovia, CA) and measurements of spontaneous contraction were recorded. LabChart was used for data analysis with the peak analysis module, to calculate maximum twitch force and baseline force (pretension).

Patel N.M., Tao Z.W., Mohamed M.A., Hogan M.K., Gutierrez L, & Birla R.K. (2015). Engineering 3D Bio-artificial Heart Muscle: The Acellular Ventricular Extracellular Matrix Model. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992), 61(1), 61-70.

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Intestinal Motility Measurement Protocol

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Intestinal motility in response to each FA and EP3 agonist was determined according to a previously described protocol^{40 (link)}. In brief, segments of the distal ileum were removed, cut along the mesenteric border, and pinned flat to the bottom of a dish coated with silicone rubber and filled with cold Krebs–Ringer solution. The tissue was cut parallel to the longitudinal smooth muscle direction. The preparations were placed in organ baths filled with 5 mL Krebs–Ringer gassed with 95%O₂/5%CO₂ at 37 °C and connected to isometric force transducers (MLT0420; ADInstruments, BellaVista, Australia) by surgical sutures. A four-channel bridge amplifier (FE224; ADInstruments) and a PowerLab 4/26 (ADInstruments) were used to record the tension and amplitudes of spontaneous contractions. During a 1-h equilibration, basal tensions of all preparations were adjusted by 1 mN to 2 mN, and tetrodotoxin (10 μM) and piroxicam (0.1 μM) were added in order to remove neural activity and basal prostaglandin production, respectively, 30 min before experiments.

Miyamoto J., Igarashi M., Watanabe K., Karaki S.I., Mukouyama H., Kishino S., Li X., Ichimura A., Irie J., Sugimoto Y., Mizutani T., Sugawara T., Miki T., Ogawa J., Drucker D.J., Arita M., Itoh H, & Kimura I. (2019). Gut microbiota confers host resistance to obesity by metabolizing dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nature Communications, 10, 4007.

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