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Pressure volume catheter

Manufactured by Transonic Systems
Sourced in United States

The Pressure-volume catheter is a medical device used to measure and record the pressures and volumes within the heart and associated blood vessels. It functions by providing real-time data on cardiac performance parameters.

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6 protocols using pressure volume catheter

1

Cardiac Hemodynamic Measurements Protocol

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During the harvesting procedure, a pressure-volume catheter (Transonic, Ithaca, NY, USA) was inserted directly into the left ventricular apex for cardiac hemodynamic measurements. Load-dependent data were collected during breath holds to minimize respiratory variation effects. Load-independent data were collected during breath holds by occluding the inferior vena cava with a vessel loop. Hemodynamic recordings were analyzed with LabChart software (ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, CO, USA).
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2

Myocardial Blood Flow Analysis in Pigs

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Five weeks after the EV injection, pigs underwent a terminal harvest procedure. Femoral artery access was obtained. A median sternotomy was performed and the heart was exposed. For blood flow analyses, isotope-labeled microspheres were injected into the left atrium while 10 mL of blood was withdrawn from a femoral artery catheter. For hemodynamic measurements, a pressure-volume catheter (Transonic, Ithaca, NY, USA) was placed into the apex of the left ventricle. Finally, the heart was excised, and myocardial tissue was divided into 16 segments based on location with respect to the left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries. Myocardial tissue segments were air-dried for microsphere analysis or snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for immunoblot analysis and frozen sectioning. The proximal circumflex artery in the area of the ameroid constrictor was inspected to confirm occlusion.
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3

Myocardial Perfusion and Function Analysis

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Five weeks after treatment, pigs underwent a terminal harvest procedure. An incision was made over the right groin for femoral artery access. Blood was collected to assess serum labs including a lipid panel and liver function tests. Then, a pressure catheter was inserted via a 6F sheath to monitor blood pressure. The heart was exposed via midline sternotomy. A butterfly needle was placed into the left atrium, and for perfusion analysis, 5 mL of isotope‐labeled microspheres (BioPal) was injected into the left atrium while 10 mL of blood was withdrawn from the femoral artery catheter simultaneously. This procedure was repeated during pacing to 150 bpm. For hemodynamic measurements and cardiac function measurements, a pressure–volume catheter (Transonic) was apically placed into the left ventricle via a 6F sheath. At the end of the procedure, anesthesia was deepened with isoflurane, and euthanasia was performed by exsanguination via excision of the heart. The myocardium was quickly divided into 16 segments based on location with respect to the left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries. Myocardial segments were air‐dried for microsphere analysis or snap‐frozen in liquid nitrogen for immunoblot analysis and frozen sectioning. The proximal circumflex artery in the area of the ameroid constrictor was inspected to confirm occlusion.
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4

Porcine Cardiac Hemodynamics Evaluation

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After 5 weeks of treatment with either 300 mg canagliflozin daily or no drug, pigs underwent a terminal harvest procedure. Femoral artery access was obtained with an open incision, and a pressure catheter was inserted via a 6F sheath to monitor blood pressure. The heart was then exposed through a midline sternotomy. For blood flow analyses at rest and during pacing at 150 bpm, 5 mL of isotope‐labeled microspheres was injected into the left atrium while 10 mL of blood was simultaneously withdrawn from the femoral artery catheter. For hemodynamic measurements, a pressure‐volume catheter (Transonic, Ithica, NY) was placed directly into the apex of the left ventricle via a 6F sheath. At the end of the procedure, the heart was excised, and myocardial tissue was quickly divided into 16 segments based on location with respect to the left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries. Myocardial tissue segments were air dried for microsphere analysis or snap frozen in liquid nitrogen for immunoblot analysis and frozen sectioning. The proximal circumflex artery in the area of the ameroid constrictor was inspected to determine if it was occluded.
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5

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring Protocol

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Vascular sheaths were inserted into the carotid artery and both external jugular veins. A pressure–volume catheter (Transonic SciSense, London, Ontario, Canada) was inserted into the left ventricle through the right carotid artery. A pulmonary artery catheter (CCOmbo; Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) was inserted into the pulmonary artery through the right external jugular vein to monitor cardiac output and the core temperature. A PTS® sizing balloon (NMT Medical, Boston MA, USA) was inserted in the left external jugular vein and positioned into the vena cava to occlude venous return during pressure–volume measurements. A bladder catheter was placed for urine collection.
Systemic vascular resistance (dyn.s/cm5) was calculated as: Systemicvascularresistance=80×MAPcentralvenouspressure/cardiacoutput where MAP is the mean arterial pressure. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR, dyn.s/cm5) was calculated as: PVR=80×MPAPpulmonarycapillarywedgepressure/cardiacoutput where MPAP is the mean pulmonary arterial pressure.
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6

Cardiac Hemodynamic Measurement Protocol

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During the harvest procedure, a pressure catheter (Transonic, Ithica, NY) was inserted into the left femoral artery and advanced into the aorta for measurement of mean arterial pressure. A pressure volume catheter (Transonic, Ithica, NY) was inserted directly into the apex of the left ventricle for cardiac hemodynamic measurements. Load‐dependent data were collected during breath holds to minimize the effect of respiratory variation, and load‐independent data were collected during breath hold and inferior vena cava occlusion with a vessel loop. Hemodynamic data were recorded and analyzed with LabChart software (ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, CO). The left ventricular stiffness constant (β) was derived from the end‐diastolic pressure volume relationship.
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