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3 protocols using sc 7314

1

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Gut Microbiota

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Bacteria and cells were fixed in 3.7% formaldehyde (v/v) in PBS for 10 min at room temperature or in methanol/acetone (1:1) for 4 min on ice for mucin staining. Samples were blocked and permeabilized (if required) in 0.5% bovine serum albumin (w/v) and 0.1% Triton X-100 (v/v) in PBS for 20 min. Specimens were incubated in primary antibodies for 60 min at room temperature. The following antibodies were used in this study: goat anti-E. coli (1:400; ab13627, Abcam), mouse anti-E. coli LPS (1:200; ab35654, Abcam), rabbit anti-R. gnavus NanH (1:200) (Owen et al., 2017 (link)), rabbit anti-L. reuteri CmbA (1:250) (Etzold et al., 2014 (link)), rabbit anti-MUC2 (1:250; sc-15334, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mouse anti-MUC2 (1:250; sc-7314, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and rabbit anti-occludin (1:20; 40-4700, Invitrogen). For detection, samples were incubated in donkey anti-rabbit, donkey anti-mouse or donkey anti-goat IgG conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 or Alexa Fluor 568 (1:400; A10037, A10042, A11057, A21206, A21202, Invitrogen) for 30 min. Actin and nucleic acids were stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated phalloidin and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), respectively. Samples were mounted in Vectashield (Vector Laboratories) and analysed using an Axioimager fluorescent light or LSM800 confocal laser-scanning microscope (Zeiss).
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2

Histological Analysis of Colonic Damage in Rats

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The middle sections of the distal colons of each rat were fixed in 4% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) and embedded in paraffin, and 3 μm sections were obtained. The slides were stained with H&E or AB. To estimate colonic damage, the slides stained with H&E were observed by a phase contrast microscope (LEICA ICC50, Wetzlar, Germany) and scored according to the parameters shown in Supplementary Table S145 (link). Goblet cells in crypts were counted with the AB-stained specimens. For IHC, the antigen was retrieved using Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) and the detection procedure was performed using an UltraVision LP Large Volume Detection System: HRP Polymer (Thermo Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The primary antibody against MUC2 (sc-7314, Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA) was used, and the images obtained from the phase contrast microscope (LEICA ICC50) were analysed with ImageJ.
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3

Selenium Compounds in Intestinal Inflammation

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Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and polyethylene glycol 6000 were purchased from Chengdu Cologne Chemical Co., Ltd., ammonium molybdate ((NH4)2MoO4) were purchased from Tianjin No. 4 Chemical Reagent Factory, glutathione was purchased from Qingdao high tech Industrial Park Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., DSS purchased from Shanghai Sangon Bioengineering Co., Ltd., LPS (L2880, from Escherichia coli O55:B5) was purchased from Sigma.
The following antibodies were used in this study: monoclonal rabbit anti-TLR4 (14358S, Cell Signaling Technology), monoclonal rabbit anti–NF–κB p65 (8242, Cell Signaling Technology), monoclonal rabbit anti-p–NF–κB (Ser536) (3033T, Cell Signaling Technology), monoclonal rabbit anti-IκBα (4814, Cell Signaling Technology), monoclonal mouse anti-β-Actin (3700, Cell Signaling Technology), polyclonal rabbit anti-Nrf2 (ab137550, Abcam), monoclonal rabbit anti-Keap1 (8047S, Cell Signaling Technology), polyclonal rabbit anti-NQO1 (ET1702-50, Huabio), polyclonal rabbit anti–HO–1 (ab68477, Abcam), monoclonal mouse anti-claudin-1 (sc-166338, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), monoclonal mouse anti-MUC-2 (sc-7314, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), polyclonal rabbit anti-occludin (27260-1-AP, Proteintech), polyclonal rabbit anti-ZO-1 (21773-1-AP, Proteintech).
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