Csb e08118m

Blood samples (50μl for each time) were collected after fasting for 8h and intragastric administration of glucose (2g/kg) for 30minutes respectively from heart. Fasting and postprandial serum GLP-1 levels were carried out according to the Manufacturer's instructions (CUSABIO, Wuhan, China, Catalogue No.: CSB-E08118m).

Whole animal or human blood samples were separated by being allowed to sit for 30 min or using EDTA-coated tubes, followed by centrifugation at 4000 ×g for 15 min and storage at -80°C until use. Blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, glucose, and AST/ALT were measured using Fuji Dri-Chem Slides (Fujifilm). Leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, adiponectin, and glucagon concentrations were determined in duplicate according to the manufacturer’s ELISA instructions. ELISA kits for mouse adiponectin and leptin were purchased from Abcam (ab108785 and ab100718; Cambridge, UK), and ELISA kits for mouse ghrelin, GLP-1, and glucagon were from Cusabio (CSB-E09817m, CSB-E08118m, and CSB-E15775m, respectively; Houston, TX). Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits for human/mouse apelin-13 were purchased from Phoenix Pharmaceutical (EK-057-19, Burlingame, CA). ELISA kits for glucose (Ab6533, Abcam), triglycerides (ETGA-200, Bioassay Systems, Hayward, CA, USA), and cholesterol (ab65390, Abcam) were used to measure levels in the liver tissues and sera saved after the experimental diets and from control and NAFLD patients.