Thionyl chloride

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in Belgium, United States

Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is a colorless, fuming liquid chemical compound. It is a common reagent used in organic synthesis, typically as a chlorinating agent or for the preparation of acid chlorides. Thionyl chloride has a pungent odor and is highly reactive with water.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

16 protocols using thionyl chloride

Synthesis and Characterization of Ibuprofen Derivatives

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

All used in this research reagents were commercially available materials and were used without further purification. (R,S)-Ibuprofen (>98%) was provided from Am-Beed (Arlington Heights, IL, USA). Thionyl chloride (99.5%) was obtained from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). l-Histidine (≥99%) and l-phenylalanine (>98.5%) were purchased from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). l-Tyrosine, acetonitrile (≥99.9%) for HPLC gradient grade, deuterated DMSO (99.9%), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) (98%), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (>99%), azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) (99%), and n-octanol (≥99%) were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim am Albuch, Germany). l-Tryptophan was provided by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd (TCI, Tokyo, Japan). Propanol (PrOH), ammonium hydroxide solution 25% (NH₃·H₂O), anhydrous sodium sulfate, n-hexane, methylene chloride, and diethyl ether were high-purity obtained from Chempur (Gliwice, Poland). 4-Acryloyloxy benzophenone (ABP) was obtained from POLY-CHEM BmbH (Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany). Acrylic acid (AA) (>98%), ethanol (EtOH), chloroform, toluene, and ethyl acetate were of analytical grade purchased from StanLab (Lublin, Poland). Deuterated chloroform (CDCl₃) (99.8%) (+0.03% TMSCl) was purchased from Eurisotop (Cheshire, England).

Ossowicz-Rupniewska P., Szczepkowska K., Bednarczyk P., Nowak M., Nowak A., Duchnik W., Kucharski Ł., Struk Ł., Klimowicz A, & Czech Z. (2022). New amino acid propyl ester ibuprofenates from synthesis to use in drug delivery systems. RSC Advances, 12(55), 35779-35792.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Carbon Nanotubes

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The 3-(4,5-dimethylthialzol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and L-glutamine were acquired from Sigma Company (St. Louis, MO, USA). Nitric and sulfuric acid,
tetrahydrofuran, and thionyl chloride were purchased from Acros Organics (Morris Plains, NJ, USA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) and RPMI 1640 from Biosera (Nuaillé, France).
Streptomycin-penicillin and the Jurkat cell line were obtained from Gibco (Gaithersburg, MD, USA) and the National Center for Genetic and Biological Resources of Iran (Tehran, Iran),
respectively. Crude SWCNTs and MWCNTs were made at the Petroleum Industry Research Institute (RIPI, Tehran, Iran). The HPLC reagents and solvents or those of analytical grade
used in this study were procured from Merck Millipore (Burlington, MA, USA). The kit of RNA extraction was from Bio Basic Inc. (Markham, Canada) and the kits of cDNA synthesis
and SYBR Green Master Mix from Takara Bio Inc. (Kyoto, Japan).

Lotfipanah S., Yaghmaei P., Zeinali M., Haeri Rohani S.A, & Kabodanian Ardestani S. (2021). Evaluation of TNF Family Gene Expression under the Influence of Single-Walled and Multi-Walled Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes in Jurkat Cell Line and Rat. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology, 19(2), e2717.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Synthesis and Purification of PCL-b-PEG

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The following analytical-grade chemicals were purchased and used without further purification: 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (Changzhou Ilhang Fine Chemical Co. Ltd, China), thionyl chloride (Acros Organics, 99.5%), sodium carbonate, dichloromethane (Acros Organics, 99.9%). N-methyl-2pyrrolidone (NMP, 99.5%), pyridine (99.5%) and 4dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP, 99.5%) were purchased from Acros Organics in anhydrous grade over molecular sieves in an AcroSeal packaging. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL, Sigma-Aldrich, 98% hydrolyzed, average molar mass MW = 13,000-23,000 Da) was dried at 40 °C in an oven for 24 h under vacuum before use. Tetrahydrofuran (THF, Fisher Scientific), absolute anhydrous ethanol (Carlo Erba) were used in purification processes. The polycaprolactone-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL-b-PEG block copolymer) was synthesized by polymerization of caprolactone initiated by poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether catalyzed by tin octanoate as reported in refs 58, 59 The degrees of polymerization of the poly(caprolactone) and. poly(ethylene glycol) blocks were 65 and 113 respectively (PCL65-b-PEG113). Deionized water of 18 Ω•cm resistivity was used for all preparations.

Balegamire J ., Vandamme M ., Chereul E ., Si-Mohamed S ., Azzouz Maache S ., Almouazen E ., Ettouati L ., Fessi H ., Boussel L ., Douek P , & Chevalier Y . (2020). Iodinated polymer nanoparticles as contrast agent for spectral photon counting computed tomography. Biomaterials science, 8(20).

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Palladium-Catalyzed Benzoquinone Synthesis

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

All reagents
were of analytical grade and used without further purification. Citric
acid and thionyl chloride were supplied by Thermo Fisher Scientific.
Palladium chloride, BDA, and BTC (99%) were supplied by TCI. Methanol
(MeOH) and 1,4-benzoquinone were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. Dimethylformamide
(DMF) and diethyl ether were supplied by Spectrochem. Triethylamine,
ethanol (EtOH), isopropanol, and EDTA were procured from SDFCL, Spectrum,
Merck, and SRL, respectively. THF was dried over the sodium metal
and benzophenone under an inert atmosphere.

Selim A., Kaur S., Dar A.H., Sartaliya S, & Jayamurugan G. (2020). Synergistic Effects of Carbon Dots and Palladium Nanoparticles Enhance the Sonocatalytic Performance for Rhodamine B Degradation in the Absence of Light. ACS Omega, 5(35), 22603-22613.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Extraction and Analysis of Bioactive Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Technical-grade methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane and isobutanol, HPLC grade water, formic acid, acetonitrile, and methanol were provided by CHEM-LAB NV (Somme-Leuze, Belgium). 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA), Hederacoside C and potassium methanolate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Diegem, Belgium). Phosphoric acid, borax, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid were provided by VWR Chemicals (Leuven, Belgium), while thionyl chloride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid and Dowex^TM resin were purchased from Thermo Scientific (Merelbeke, Belgium).

Savarino P., Contino C., Colson E., Cabrera-Barjas G., De Winter J, & Gerbaux P. (2022). Impact of the Hydrolysis and Methanolysis of Bidesmosidic Chenopodium quinoa Saponins on Their Hemolytic Activity. Molecules, 27(10), 3211.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Synthesis and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanoparticles

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid, thionyl chloride (SOCl₂), Traut’s reagent (2-iminothiolane), Triton X-100, acetone, ethanol, glutathione (GSH), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) and ammonia (30% in water) were purchased from Fisher Scientific, USA. Hexanol, cyclohexane, and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) were bought from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., USA. Triethylamine (TEA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Alfa Aesar, USA. Bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]-disulfide (BTPD) was purchased from Gelest, Inc., USA. Methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-silane (mPEG-silane, M_n = 5000), amine-poly(ethylene glycol)-silane (NH₂-PEG-silane, M_n = 5000) and maleimide-poly(ethylene glycol)-silane (Mal-PEG-silane, M_n = 5000) were purchased from Biochempeg Scientific Inc., USA. All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and 4-aminophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA. Nuclear localization signal (NLS)-tagged Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 nuclease (sNLS-SpCas9-sNLS) was obtained from Aldevron, USA. In vitro transcribed single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) and ssODNs were purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., USA.

Wang Y., Shahi P.K., Wang X., Xie R., Zhao Y., Wu M., Roge S., Pattnaik B.R, & Gong S. (2021). In Vivo Targeted Delivery of Nucleic Acids and CRISPR Genome Editors Enabled by GSH-Responsive Silica Nanoparticles. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 336, 296-309.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Fullerene Functionalization Protocol

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

All chemicals used were of reagent-grade quality or better. Solvents were dried in accordance with standard literature procedures. The following reagents were used as received: C₆₀ (99.5+%, SES Research, USA), glycine tert-butyl hydrochloride (Sigma Aldrich, USA), malonic acid (Sigma Aldrich, USA), DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, Sigma Aldrich, USA), triethylamine (Fisher, Belgium), CBr₄ (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 1,4-dioxane (Acros Organics, Belgium), thionyl chloride (Fisher, UK), dichloromethane (Chempur, Poland), anhydrous sodium sulfate (POCH, Poland), diethyl ether (Eurochem, Poland), ethyl acetate (POCH, Poland), toluene (Chempur, Poland), methanol (Chempur), and concentrated hydrogen chloride (POCH, Poland).

Malarz K., Korzuch J., Marforio T.D., Balin K., Calvaresi M., Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A., Musiol R, & Serda M. (2023). Identification and Biological Evaluation of a Water-Soluble Fullerene Nanomaterial as BTK Kinase Inhibitor. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 18, 1709-1724.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Synthesis and Characterization of EPR-Labeled EOC

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (HO-T) (Fisher Scientific Italia, Milan, Italy), 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (Bz-T) (Fisher Scientific Italia), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (Fisher Scientific Italia), thionyl chloride (Fisher Scientific Italia), triethylamine (Fisher Scientific Italia), di(tert-butylperoxy-isopropyl) benzene (mixture of isomers) (P14) (Perkadox 14S-FL, Akzo Nobel, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid hexadecyl ester (CY, Cyasorb 2908 kindly supplied by Prof. Cristian Gambarotti, University of Milano, Milan, Italy) were used as received. A random copolymer ethylene/α-olefin (EOC) having density = 0.9 g/cm³ and M_n ≈ 90,000 D was used as polymer matrix. EOC has melting point between 50 and 70 °C [39 (link)] and T_onset about 430 °C (TGA analysis carried out under nitrogen) [25 (link)]. Pre-coated aluminum F254 silica gel 60 sheets were used for TLC analyses. Purification by chromatography was performed using silica gel Merck 60 (particle size 0.040–0.063 mm) (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). All reactions were performed under nitrogen. The sample EOC-g-(Bz-T) where 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (Bz-T) is grafted to EOC was prepared as previously reported [22 (link)].

Coiai S., Cicogna F., Yang C., Tempesti V., Carroccio S.C., Gorrasi G., Mendichi R., Dintcheva N.T, & Passaglia E. (2017). Grafting of Hindered Phenol Groups onto Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymer by Nitroxide Radical Coupling. Polymers, 9(12), 670.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Synthesis of Organic Compounds and Peptides

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO), substance P (RPKPQQFFGLM), 4,4`-dinonyl-2,2`-dipyridyl, N-hydroxy-succinimide, methyl(4-bromomethyl) benzoate were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Water, MS-grade methanol, acetonitrile, 2-(bromomethyl)benzoic acid, toluene, dicholormethane, tetrahydrofuran, copper (II) trifluoro-methanesulfonate, thionyl chloride, N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, triethylamine (TEA), and formic acid were acquired from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). ACTH (1–14) (SYSMEHFRWGKPVG), angiotensin I (DRVYIHPFHL), melittin (GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ-NH₂), and amyloid β-peptide (10–20) (YEVHHQKLVFF) were purchased from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland).

Osho K.E., Wasik K.A., Geary L.M, & Borotto N.B. (2023). Improved Performance of Positive-ion mode Free Radical-Initiated Peptide Sequencing with para-TEMPO-Bz. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 34(4), 579-585.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Synthesis and Characterization of Biomolecular Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO), substance P (RPKPQQFFGLM), 4,4`-dinonyl-2,2`-dipyridyl, N-hydroxy-succinimide, methyl(4-bromomethyl) benzoate were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Water, MS-grade methanol, acetonitrile, 2-(bromomethyl)benzoic acid, toluene, dicholormethane, tetrahydrofuran, copper (II) trifluoro-methanesulfonate, thionyl chloride, N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, triethylamine (TEA), and formic acid were acquired from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). ACTH (1-14) (SYSMEHFRWGKPVG), angiotensin I (DRVYIHPFHL), melittin (GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ-NH 2 ), and amyloid β-peptide (10-20) (YEVHHQKLVFF) were purchased from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland).

Osho K.E., Wasik K.A., Geary L.M, & Borotto N.B. (2023). Improved Performance of Positive-Ion Mode Free Radical-Initiated Peptide Sequencing with p-TEMPO-Bz. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 34(4).

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!