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Gapdh g8795

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

GAPDH (G8795) is a laboratory equipment product offered by the Merck Group. It is an enzyme involved in the glycolytic pathway, catalyzing the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. This product is used for research purposes, though its specific applications are not elaborated on in this factual description.

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19 protocols using gapdh g8795

1

Western Blot Immunodetection Protocol

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See Sizemore et al. [24] for western blotting and immunodetection protocol. Antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technologies (RalA: 4799, RalB: 90879, β-actin: A1978, anti-mouse-IgG HRP: 7076, anti-rabbit IgG HRP: 7074) and Millipore Sigma (GAPDH: G8795 or MAB374).
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2

Western Blotting and Immunodetection

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See Sizemore et al. [24 (link)] for western blotting and immunodetection protocol. Antibodies were obtained from the Cell Signaling Technologies (RalA: 4799, RalB: 90879, β-actin: A1978, anti-mouse-IgG HRP: 7076, anti-rabbit IgG HRP: 7074) and Millipore Sigma (GAPDH: G8795 or MAB374).
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3

Antibody Reagents for FLCN Signaling

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Total FLCN antibody (11236-2-AP) was purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL, USA). Flag (F7425), α-tubulin (T6074), and GAPDH (G8795) were obtained from MilliporeSigma. AMPKα1 (07-350) and AMPKα2 (07-363) antibodies were obtained from MilliporeSigma. Acetyl–coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase (ACC; 3676), phospho-ACC1 (Ser79; 3661), AMPKα (2532), phospho-AMPKα (Thr172; 2535), AMPKβ1 (4178), lamin A/C (4777), p70 S6 kinase (9202), phospho-p70 S6 kinase (Thr389; 9206), Raptor (2280), phospho-Raptor (Ser792; 2083), S6 ribosomal protein (5G10), phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (Ser235/236; 2211), and TFE3 (14779) antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). TFEB (#A303-673A) antibody was purchased from Bethyl Laboratories (Montgomery, TX, USA). Horseradish peroxidase–conjugated secondary antibodies were from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories (West Grove, PA, USA). AMPKγ1 (TA300519) antibody was from OriGene Technologies (Rockville, MD, USA). A site-specific rabbit polyclonal antidody against phospho-TFEB (Ser142) was generated by YenZym Antibodies (South San Francisco, CA, USA) by immunization and affinity purification with a phosphorylated peptide of the sequence identical between human and mouse (i.e., PN-*S-PMAMLHIGSNPC-amide, where the asterisk denotes the phosphorylated residue).
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4

Antibody Generation and Reagent Validation

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Rabbit polyclonal antibody against EV-A71 3A was prepared as described (Tang et al., 2007 (link)). Mouse monoclonal antibodies against glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (G8795) and Flag (F1804) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Rabbit monoclonal antibodies against phospho-eIF2α (#3597) and PKR (Ab32052, against amino acids 50–150 of human PKR) were obtained from Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA, USA) and Abcam (Cambridge, UK), respectively. Mouse monoclonal antibody against green fluorescent protein (GFP) (SC-9996) and rabbit polyclonal antibodies against eIF2α (SC-11386) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (SC-7150) were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Mouse monoclonal antibody against EV-A71 3C and rabbit polyclonal antibody against phospho-PKR were obtained from GeneTex (Irvine, CA, USA). Poly(I:C) and 2-aminopurine (2-AP) was purchased from Invivogen (San Diego, CA, USA). Staurosporine was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Cycle Regulators

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Cells were lysed in a buffer containing 0.1% Triton (Bio-Rad, Irvine, CA, USA) for 30 min in ice. Then, 20 μg of each lysate was electrophoresed in a polyacrylamide gel and electroblotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane. We used the following primary antibodies: RB1 (AV33212) and GAPDH (G8795) were from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA), RB2/P130 (R27020) was from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA), p27KIP1 (3686) was from Cell Signaling, p107 (sc-318), p53 (sc-126), and p21CIP1 (sc-397) were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA), and p16INK4A (ab54210) was from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Immunoreactive signals were detected with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody (ImmunoReagents, Raleigh, NC, USA) and reacted with ECL plus reagent (Merck Millipore). All of the antibodies were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The mean value was quantified densitometrically using Quantity One 1-D analysis software (Bio-Rad).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Signaling

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SDS-PAGE and western blotting were performed as previously described. [28 (link)] Briefly, cell lysates were generated using RIPA buffer containing protease phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Pierce). Cell lysates were subject to centrifugation and the protein content in supernatants was determined using the BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce). Proteins were resolved by 7.5%-12% SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin. Proteins were detected with the following antibodies; cleaved Caspase 3 (MAB835) and hGRP-78 (MAB4846) from R&D Systems, BAX (ab32503) and Bcl-2 (ab7973) from Abcam, GAPDH (G8795) from Sigma Aldrich, p-PERK (sc-32577) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and Caspase-3 (9662), IRE-1 (3294S), CHOP (2895S), p-eIF2α (3597s), eIF2 (9722), PERK (3192S), p-P38 (9211), P38 (9212), p-Erk1/2 (9101), Erk (9102), p-SAPK-JNK (9251), and SAPK/JNK (9252) from Cell Signaling. ATF6 (MA5-16172) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Blots were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies followed by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) detection. Results were quantified by densitometry of digitized images using ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, ver.1.43) and expressed as a ratio to a GAPDH loading control.
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7

Western Blot Analysis of Adipocyte Proteins

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Cells were lysed in a buffer containing 0.1% Triton (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) for 30 min in ice; 20 μg of each lysate was electrophoresed in a polyacrylamide gel and electroblotted into a nitrocellulose membrane using Biorad transblot apparatus. We used the following primary antibodies: UCP1 (sc518024, Santa Cruz, USA), LPL (MABS1270), and GAPDH (G8795) from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), PPARG (PA3-821A) from Thermo Fischer Scientific (Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). The primary antibodies were added to a nitrocellulose membrane in a buffer solution (TTBS 0.01X and 3% free fat milk) and incubated overnight at 4 °C. Then, the membranes were washed three times in T-TBS 1X and incubated with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody (ImmunoReagents, Raleigh, NC, USA) and reacted with ECL plus reagent (Merck Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA). All antibodies were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The mean value was quantified densitometrically using Quantity One® 1-D analysis software (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
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8

Western Blot Antibody and Chemical Reagents

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The CDK4 (A304-225A) antibody was purchased from Bethyl Laboratories (Montgomery, TX). AXL (4566), CAMKII (4436), CDK6 (13331), MEK1/2 (8727), MET (8198), MERTK (4319), and SRC (2109) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). β-catenin (610153) and GSK3β (610201) antibodies were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA). GAPDH (G8795) and β-tubulin (T7816) antibodies were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Secondary antibodies were purchased from LI-COR Biosciences (Lincoln, NE): IRDye® 800CW Goat anti-Mouse IgG (925-32210), IRDye® 680LT Goat anti-Mouse IgG (925-68020), IRDye®800CW Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (925-32211), and IRDye® 680LT Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (925-68021). The following chemicals were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI): abemaciclib (17740), CHIR-99021 (13122), dasatinib (11498), and ribociclib (17666). BMS-777607 (S1561) and palbociclib (S1579) were ordered from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX). Recombinant Wnt3A (315-20) was purchased from PeproTech (Rocky Hill, NJ).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Angiogenic Factors

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Samples were electrophoresed using a NuPAGE 10% Bis‐Tris gel (Invitrogen) and transferred to polyvinylidene membranes (Bio‐Rad Laboratories). Immunoblot detection was performed for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (ab46154, 1:1000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA), VEGFR2 (55B11, 1:1000; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA), eNOS (1:1000; BD Bioscience, BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA) in mouse tissue, GSNOR in (1:1000, 11051‐1‐AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL) in human tissues, B‐actin (4957S, 1:1000, Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA), GAPDH (G8795, 1:1000, Sigma, St Louis, MO) and subsequent reaction with a goat anti‐rabbit horseradish peroxidase–conjugated antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling). Then, membranes were developed by enhanced chemiluminescence (Super Signal West Pico, Thermo Scientific, Hampton, NH) and analyzed by the QuantityOne software (Bio‐Rad, Hercules, CA).
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10

Western Blot Protocol for Protein Detection

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Unless otherwise stated, all Western blotting was performed using equipment from BioRad as previously described [30 (link)]. Primary antibodies were used to detect BCRP (BXP-53, 1:5000; Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY), β-actin (ab8227, 1:2000, Abcam, Cambridge, MA), transferrin receptor 1 (TFR-1, ab108985, 1:5000 Abcam), placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP, ab133602, 1:10,000, Abcam), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1, ab3368, 1:2000, Abcam), cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34, ab81289 1:10,000, Abcam), histone H2A (25785, 1:1000, Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA), and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, G8795, 1:1000, Sigma-Aldrich). HRP-linked secondary antibodies (anti-rabbit, anti-rat or anti-mouse, 1:2000 Sigma-Aldrich) were used to detect primary antibodies. After the addition of a Luminata Forte Western HRP substrate (Millipore, Billerica, MA), chemiluminescent protein-antibody complexes were visualized using a Fluorchem Imager (ProteinSimple, Santa Clara, CA). Semi-quantitative analysis of bands of the blots was performed using AlphaView Software (ProteinSimple).
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