Tiletamine zolazepam zoletil 100

Herein, three chalcogen phthalic anhydrides have been evaluated: the phthalic selenoanhydride (R-Se), the phthalic thioanhydride (R-S), and the phthalic anhydride (R-O), whose structure has been shown in the Scheme 1 at the introduction [24 (link)]. R-O was commercially available (Merck, Taufkirchen, Germany), whereas R-Se was obtained through a synthetic route that enables the synthesis of R-Se from lithium aluminum hydride, selenium phthloyl chloride, and sulfuric acid, as described in prior works [24 (link)]. R-S was synthesized following the same route, but using sulfur instead of selenium. Tiletamine + zolazepam (Zoletil 100) was acquired from Virbac (Carros, France), and the anaesthetic xylazine was obtained from Merck (Schnelldorf, Germany). All other chemicals required for the performance of this study (DMSO, NaCl, KCl, NaHCO₃, MgSO₄, KH₂PO₄, CaCl₂, Na₂EDTA, glucose) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

The following chemicals were purchased from VWR (Oud-Heverlee, Belgium), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KCL, and glycerol. Tolbutamide (TB), chlorzoxazone (CZ), chlorpropamide, formic acid, cytochrome c from equine heart, KCN, TEABC, DTT, MMTS, CaCl₂, DMSO were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). Xylazine (Xyl-M^® 2%) was obtained from VMD (Arendonk, Belgium). Tiletamine-zolazepam (Zoletil^® 100) was purchased from Virbac (Carros, France). Sodium pentobarbital 20%^® was obtained from Kela (Hoogstraten, Belgium). The Coomassie Bradford Protein Assay Kit was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asse, Belgium). Midazolam (MDZ), 1-hydroxy-midazolam (1-OH-MDZ), 6-hydroxy-chlorzoxazone (6-OH-CZ), and 4-hydroxy-Tolbutamide (4-OH-TB) were all obtained from Alsachim (Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France). NADPH was purchased from Gentaur (Kampenhout, Belgium). UPLC-water and ACN were obtained from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, Netherlands). Trypsin was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, United States). Beta-galactosidase was purchased from Sciex (Framingham, MA, United States). Hi3 E. coli was purchased from Waters (Zellik, Belgium). The stock solutions of the probe substrates, the metabolites and the internal standard were prepared separately in methanol (MeOH) at a concentration of 1 mg/mL and stored at -80°C.