Chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate

Titanium (Ti) plate (99.7% purity, 0.25 mm thickness), ammonium fluoride (NH₄F, 97.0%), ethylene glycol (99%), hydrogen peroxide (30%), FTO glass, titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) solution (75 wt. % in isopropanol), n-butanol, TiO₂ paste, scattering TiO₂ paste, titanium chloride (TiCl₄), dye cis-diisothiocyanato-bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylato) ruthenium(II) bis(tetrabutylammonium), N719, chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O), 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium iodide (BMII), iodine (I₂), guanidium thiocyanate (GSCN), 4-tertbutylpyridine (TBP), acetonitrile (CH₃CN), and valeronitrile (CH₃(CH₂)₃CN) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Haverhill, MA, USA), Showa Chemical Co., (Beijing, China), Daejung Chemical (Shiheung-City, Korea), Pilkington (St. Helens, UK), Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), Solaronix (Aubonne, Switzerland), and Dyesol (Queanbeyan, Australia).

Type A gelatin from pigskin was purchased from China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation (Beijing, China) and used after dialysis. The isoelectric point (pI, 8.5) of the dialyzed gelatin after complete deionization was determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was purchased from Alfa Aesar and recrystallized from ethanol before use. Ally glycidyl ether (AGE) and chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H₂Pt₆Cl₆•6H₂O) were obtained from Alfa Aesar. Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3, >95%), n–butyllithium (C₄H₉Li, >99%), and chlorodimethylsilane (C₂H₇ClSi, >99%) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Benzene, deionized water (conductivity = 2.06 µS cm⁻¹, dielectric constant ε = 80.40), methanol (ε = 32.70), ethanol (ε = 24.50), isopropanol alcohol (ε = 17.90), acetone (ε = 20.70), tetrahydrofuran (THF, ε = 7.58), and 1,4-dioxane (ε = 2.25) solvents (China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation) were all of analytical reagent (AR) grade and strictly dehydrated before use.

Melamine (C₃H₆N₆, ≥ 99.0%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, ~ 36.0–38.0 wt%), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄, ≥ 99.0%), and triethanolamine (TEOA, analytical reagent) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Zinc carbonate (ZnCO₃, 97%) and chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O, ACS reagent) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Heavy-oxygen water (H₂¹⁸O, 99%) was purchased from 3A chemicals Co., Ltd. Ultrahigh-purity argon (Ar, ≥ 99.999%) was provided by Shaanxi Xinkang Medical Oxygen Co., Ltd. All the materials were used as received without further purification. Deionized water, with a resistivity of 18.25 MΩ cm, was used throughout the experiments.