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14 protocols using av 500 mhz

1

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and FTIR Analysis of Drug-Loaded Hydrogels

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1H NMR spectra were measured utilizing TMS as an internal standard and D2O as a solvent on a Bruker AV 500 MHz (Bruker BioSpin, Zurich, Switzerland). TOPSPIN software was used to process the spectra. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy was employed to analyze drug-formulation interactions using a Spectrum Two FTIR spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Buckinghamshire, UK). Spectra of RIC-loaded and unloaded hydrogel samples and purified components were acquired between the scanning ranges of 400 and 4000 cm−1.
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2

Spectroscopic Characterization of Drug Formulations

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The 1H NMR spectra were acquired at 25 °C utilizing D2O as the solvent and trimethyl silane (TMS) as the internal standard on a Bruker AV 500 MHz (Bruker BioSpin, Zurich, Switzerland) instrument. Mnova software version 14.2.1 (Mestrelab Research, Santiago de Compostela, Spain) was used to process the data. Spectrum Two FTIR spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Buckinghamshire, UK) with diamond attenuated total reflectance (ATR) crystal (with 16 scans) was used to assess drug-formulation interactions. Spectra were collected from 400 to 4000 cm−1, including both loaded and unloaded formulations, as well as pure forms of the ingredients [62 (link)].
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of Organic Compounds

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All reagents were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation and used without further purification, unless otherwise stated. Some solvents were dried prior to use according to standard methods. The reactions were monitored by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) on silica gel GF254. Detection was made by both UV light and charring with sulfuric acid/ethanol solution. Column chromatography was performed on silica gel 200–300 mesh. The 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AV500 MHz (Bruker, Switzerland) instrument using CDCl3 as solvents.
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4

NMR Analysis of (9Z,11E)-CLA

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The NMR experiments were performed on a Bruker AV-500 MHz, Bruker (Billerica, MA, USA). Samples of (9Z,11E)-CLA were dissolved in 0.6 mL of deuterated solvent (25 mM) and transferred to 5 mm NMR tubes. Chemical shifts were measured with reference to the residual 1H signal of the incompletely deuterated solvent.
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5

Analytical Techniques for Chemical Characterization

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Unless otherwise noted, all reagents and solvents used in chemical synthesis were of commercial grade.
HPLC was performed on an UltiMate 3000 HPLC system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Germering, Germany) with UV detection at 254 nm. Reversed-phase (RP) HPLC was performed on a XBridge® Oligonucleotide BEH C18 (4.6 × 50 mm) column (Waters, Dublin, Ireland) with 1 mL/min flow rate.
Chromatographic separations were performed on a CombiFlash® Rf 200 by Teledyne ISCO system (Lincoln, NE, USA) using Biotage® normal or reversed-phase (RP) silica columns (Uppsala, Sweden).
Mass spectrometry analysis was performed with Waters Xevo QTof G2-XS (Dublin, Ireland).
NMR spectra were recorded using a Bruker AV 500 MHz (500.13 MHz in 1H, 125.76 MHz in 13C and 202.47 MHz in 31P, 470.56 MHz in 19F) spectrometer (Fällanden, Switzerland) using deuterated solvent signal as an internal standard. 1,2,4,5-Tetrachloro-3-nitrobenzene was used as an internal standard for quantitative NMRs (assay). Chemical shifts (δ scale) are reported in parts per million (ppm). Coupling constants (J values) are given in Hertz (Hz).
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6

Comprehensive Analytical Techniques for Compound Purification

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For isolation and purification of compounds, both normal phase and reverse phase column chromatography with silica gel were used, along with a semi-preparative HPLC. Both normal phase and reverse phase semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (semi-prep-HPLC) were employed, utilizing a Phenomenex® Luna 5 μm Silica 100 Å - semi-preparative LC column 250 × 10 mm and a Purospher® STAR RP-18 end-capped (5 µm) semi-preparative liquid column 250 × 10 mm, respectively. Detection was carried out using an infrared radiation (IR) detector recorded on the Precision Instruments IOTA2 Refractive Index Detector (Marseille, France) and a Hitachi Chromaster 5450 Refractive Index RI Detector (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. The NMR spectrum analysis was conducted using Bruker AV-300 MHz, AV-500 MHz, and AV-600 MHz spectrometers (Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany). The high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) was recorded on a Q ExactiveTM Plus Hybrid Quadrupole-OrbitrapTM Mass (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., USA).
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7

ZnO Nanoflowers and Hydrogel Coatings on Titanium

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Firstly, the fabrication of ZnO nanoflowers on titanium substrates was characterized. The surface morphology and elements distribution were observed by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (FEI Nova 400 Nano SEM, Phillips Co, Holland) and an energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS, Zeiss AURIGA FIB, Germany). The surface roughness and surface crystalline phase were detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM, Dimension, Bruker, Germany) and X-ray diffraction (D/Max 2500 PC, Rigaku, Japan), respectively.
Secondly, the preparation of GelMA, GelMA-PDA, and HAMA hydrogels and the hybrid hydrogel coatings on titanium were characterized. The functional molecules of different hydrogels were detected by a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR, AV500 MHz, Bruker, Swiss). The grafting ratios of GelMA-COOH and GelMA-PDA were also calculated.
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8

Characterization of Polymer Samples

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NMR spectra were obtained on a Bruker AV 500 MHz and DRX 500 MHz spectrometers. For 1H NMR spectra, a relaxation time of 2 seconds was used for small molecules and 30 seconds for polymers. Gel permeation chromatography was conducted on a Shimadzu high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system with a refractive index detector RID-10A, one Polymer Laboratories PLgel guard column, and two Polymer Laboratories PLgel 5μm mixed D columns. Eluent was DMF with LiBr (0.1 M) at 40 °C (flow rate: 0.6 mL/min) Calibration was performed using near-monodisperse poly(methyl methacrylate) standards (Polymer Laboratories). UV measurements were performed on a BioMate 5 (Thermo Spectronic) instrument and a NanoDrop 2000 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific). HPLC purification of chain transfer agents was conducted on a Shimadzu HPLC system with a refractive index detector RID-10A and one Luna μm C18(2) column with methanol and water as eluents. The UCLA Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Facility performed mass spectrometry analysis. SDS-PAGE analysis was performed using 10% poly(acylamide) gels (Bio-Rad).
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9

NMR Spectra Characterization Protocol

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All NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AV 500
MHz (500.13 MHz in 1H, 125.76 MHz in 13C, and
202.47 MHz in 31P) spectrometer, using the given deuterated
solvent as an internal standard. In some cases, maleic acid was used
as an internal standard for assay determination. Chemical shifts (δ
scale) are reported in parts per million (ppm), and coupling constants
(J values) are reported in Hertz (Hz).
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10

Characterization of Polymers and Small Molecules

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NMR spectroscopy were performed on a Bruker AV 400 MHz or AV 500 MHz instrument. 1H-NMR spectra were acquired with a relaxation delay of 2 s for small molecules and 30 s for polymers. Preparatory HPLC purification was performed on a Shimadzu HPLC system equipped with a UV detector using a Luna 5 μm C18 100 Å column (preparatory: 5 μm, 250 × 21.2 mm) with monitoring at λ = 215 nm and 254 nm. Aqueous GPC was conducted on a Malvern Viscotek GPCMax system equipped with a triple detector array (TDA 305–040 Quadruple Detector Array), with two Viscotek A600 M general mixed aq. Columns (300×8.0mm). The eluent was 20% methanol in water at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Near-monodisperse PEG standards from Polymer Labs were used for calibration. Viscosity was measured using a RheoSense microVisc (San Ramon, CA). Analytical HPLC for insulin detection was conducted on an Agilent 1260 Infinity II LC System equipped with a UV detector and Poroshell 2.7 μm Bonus-RP C18 120 Å column (4.6 × 100mm) with a gradient of 25–90% acetonitrile/water + 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid over 6 min with insulin eluting at 4.3 min.
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