Glutaraldehyde

Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry

Sourced in Japan

Glutaraldehyde is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound used as a fixative and disinfectant in various laboratory applications. It is a dialdehyde with the chemical formula C5H8O2.

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Lab products found in correlation

8 protocols using glutaraldehyde

Chitosan-based Enzyme Immobilization Protocol

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Chitosan flakes (CAS: 9012-76-4) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (CAS: 5470−11−1) were purchased from Molychem, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; oxalic acid dihydrate (CAS: 6153-56-6) and sodium hydroxide (CAS: 1310-73-2) were purchased from FINAR, Gujarat, India; phosphatase, acid (specific activity 20 units/mg solid) from wheat germ (CAS: 9001-77-8), and glutaraldehyde (CAS: 111-30-8) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; alkaline phosphatase (specific activity min. 25 DEA units/mg protein) from calf intestine mucosa (CAS: 9001-78-9) and p-nitrophenylphosphate disodium salt hexahydrate (CAS: 33333−18-4) were purchased from Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; and bovine albumin fraction V powder (98%) for microbiology (CAS: 90604-29-8) was purchased from Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Konwar K., Boruah H., Gogoi R., Boruah A., Borgohain A., Baruah M., Gogoi S.P., Karak T, & Saikia J. (2024). Broad-spectrum pH functional chitosan–phosphatase beads for the generation of plant-available phosphorus: utilizing the insoluble P pool. Frontiers in Chemistry, 12, 1359191.

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Transmission Electron Microscopy of AH

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10 ul of AH collected form the representative control patient was fixed 1:1 with 2% glutaraldehyde (Tokyo Chemical Industry, G0068) for 30 min. The fixed sample of 6 μL was pipetted onto the 200 mesh copper grid with carbon-coated formvar film, and incubated for 10 min. The grid was washed with 100 μL MilliQ water. The grid was placed on 30 μL of 1.5% uranyl acetate for 12 s. Images were acquired using Bio 120 kV Transmission electron microscope (Thermofisher Scienfitic, Talos L120C)^{31 (link)}.

An H.J., Cho H.K., Song D.H, & Kee C. (2022). Quantitative analysis of exosomes in the aqueous humor of Korean patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Scientific Reports, 12, 12875.

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Bacterial Growth Inhibition Assay

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Lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and glutaraldehyde were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Caprylic acid, capric acid, linoleic acid, SLS, sodium chloride (NaCl), disodium hydrogen phosphate 12-water (Na₂HPO₄•12H₂O), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄), sodium chloride (KCl), potassium hydroxide (KOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl₂•4H₂O), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO₄•7H₂O), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄•7H₂O), calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl₂•2H₂O), agar, crystal violet, Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS)(+) and 99.5% ethanol (EtOH) were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). SLES was purchased from the NOF Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). The Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (d-PBS)(+) preparation reagent (with Ca and Mg) (100×) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan) and Thermo Fisher Scientific K.K. (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. WELPAS^® antiseptic solution for hands (0.2%), an alcohol-based disinfectant, was purchased from Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Osaka, Japan).

Kawahara T., Takita M., Masunaga A., Morita H., Tsukatani T., Nakazawa K., Go D, & Akita S. (2019). Fatty Acid Potassium Had Beneficial Bactericidal Effects and Removed Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms while Exhibiting Reduced Cytotoxicity towards Mouse Fibroblasts and Human Keratinocytes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(2), 312.

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Cholesterol Oxidase-Functionalized Microelectrodes

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The trachea of mouse was excised, pinned on a gelatin Petri plate and was submerged in pH 7.4 HBR (Hepes-buffered Ringer) solution at room temperature. Platinum disk (10 μm diameter) microelectrodes were polished and ultrasonic cleaned. The electrodes were rinsed and immersed in 1) 4 mM of 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid di(N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) (DTSP) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution for 45 minutes; 2) 33 unit/mL recombinant cholesterol oxidase (Sigma-Aldrich, Co., 40 unit/mg) solution for 2 hours; 3) ~0.56 mol/L glutaraldehyde (TCI America, ~5.6 mol/L) solution for 30 minutes; 4) cholesterol oxidase solution (same as above) at 4°C overnight. The control experiments were conducted with a bare platinum disk microelectrode (same as above), which was polished and ultrasonic cleaned before each use.

Lu B., Li L., Schneider M., Hodges C.A., Cotton C.U., Burgess J.D, & Kelley T.J. (2018). Electrochemical measurement of membrane cholesterol correlates with CFTR function and is HDAC6-dependent. Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society, 18(2), 175-181.

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Ozonation of Organic Compounds

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All compounds were used as received and had the following purities: from Sigma–Aldrich/Fluka (St. Louis, MO): O-tert-Butyl-hydroxylamine hydrochloride, (TBOX, 99%), limonene (99+%), toluene (HPLC grade, 99+%), cyclohexane (HPLC grade, 99+%), glyoxal (40 wt% in water), methyl glyoxal (40 wt% in water), 2,4-pentanedione (99+%), and glutaraldehyde (50 wt% in water); from TCI America (Portland, OR) 2,3-heptanedione (98%); from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA): methanol (HPLC grade, 99.9%). Water (DI H₂O) was distilled, deionized to a resistivity of 18 MΩ cm, and filtered using a Milli-Q^® filter system (Billerica, MA). Helium (UHP grade), the carrier gas, was supplied by Butler Gas (McKees Rocks, PA) and used as received.
Ozone (O₃) was produced by photolyzing air with a mercury pen lamp (Jelight, Irvine, CA) in a separate Teflon chamber. Aliquots of this O₃/air mixture were added to the Teflon reaction chamber using a gas-tight syringe. O₃ concentrations were measured using a Thermo Electron (Waltham, MA) UV photometric ozone analyzer Model 49C.

Wells J.R, & Ham J.E. (2014). A new agent for derivatizing carbonyl species used to investigate limonene ozonolysis. Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994), 99, 519-526.

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Platelet-rich Plasma Preparation

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Normal pooled platelet poor plasma (PPP) was purchased from George King Biomedical. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), tetramethylsilane (TMS), and formaldehyde were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethanol was purchased from EMD and glutaraldehyde was purchased from TCI America. UFH and protamine sulfate were purchased from APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. CDP was a generous gift from Jeremy Heidel at Calando Pharmaceuticals. TriniClot aPTT S and TriniClot PT Excel reagents were purchased from Trinity BioTech.

Bompiani K.M., Lohrmann J.L., Pitoc G.A., Frederiksen J.W., Mackensen G.B, & Sullenger B.A. (2014). Probing the coagulation pathway with aptamers identifies combinations that synergistically inhibit blood clot formation. Chemistry & biology, 21(8), 935-944.

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Comprehensive Chemical Inventory for Research

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Ethanol, mEthanol, chloroform, glacial acetic acid, HNO₃, H₂O₂, Na₂HPO₄, NaH₂PO₄, AgNO₃, Na₂CO₃ and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were purchased from Merck, Bengaluru, India. Bovine serum albumin and chitosan powder were purchased from Sisco Research Laboratories, Chandigarh, India. Glutaraldehyde was purchased from TCI Chemicals, Chandigarh, India. A Spurr resin kit and OsO₄ were purchased from Electron Microscopy Sciences, Delhi, India. Uranyl acetate was purchased from LobaChemie, India. CuCl, selenourea, oleylamine, citric acid, sodium citrate monobasic, lead citrate, Laemmli buffer, ammonium persulfate, trizma base, tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), acrylamide, N,N′- methylenebis(acrylamide), 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), KOH, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) cocktail, KH₂PO₄, K₂HPO₄, glycerol, and formaldehyde were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Bengaluru, India. Bradford reagent, macerozyme R-10, 1X phosphate buffer saline (PBS), sodium thiosulfate, and ascorbate were purchased from HiMedia, Mumbai, India. Rehydration buffer, IPG strips of pH range 3–10, a ReadyPrep 2D starter kit equilibration buffer I and II, and a ReadyPrep 2D clean-up kit was purchased from Bio-Rad, Gurugram, India. A precision plus protein kaleidoscope prestained protein ladder was purchased from Bio-Rad.

Sharma S., Muddassir M., Muthusamy S., Vaishnav P.K., Singh M., Sharma D., Kanagarajan S, & Shanmugam V. (2020). A non-classical route of efficient plant uptake verified with fluorescent nanoparticles and root adhesion forces investigated using AFM. Scientific Reports, 10, 19233.

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Bovine Blood Preparation for Analysis

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During a routine clinical examination, bovine blood was withdrawn from a healthy cow (Istituto Zooprofilattico della Sardegna). To avoid red blood cells coagulation, blood samples were mixed with 1.5 mg of Na-EDTA . Before any further manipulation, blood samples were stored at 4 ° and used within 2 hours after withdrawal.
Reagents were purchased from the following companies: 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) and Glutaraldehyde 50 % v/v from TCI Chemicals (Belgium). Sodium phosphate monobasic, sodium phosphate dibasic, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride from Sigma Aldrich S.r.l. (Italy) and mixed to prepare a 10 mM phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4.
For standards preparations, a Milli-Q system (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, USS) was used to purify fresh distilled water. The preparation was filtered with a 0.22 m pore size hydrophilic Millipore filter prior to use.

Miceli V., Fornasier M., Bulati M., Amico G., Conaldi P.G., Casu A, & Murgia S. (2022). In Vitro Evaluation of Nanoerythrosome Cytotoxicity and Uptake in Pancreatic Endothelial Cells: Implications for β-Cell Imaging Applications. Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids, 38(11).

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