Geniposide

Ginsenoside Ro (98%), oleanolic acid (99%), Stigmasterol (95%), palmatine hydrochloride (98%), betherine (98%), epiberberine (98%), coptisine (98%), astragalin (98%), isoquercitrin (98%), baicalin (98%), wogonin (98%), chrysophanol (98%), physcion (98%) and Geniposide (98%) were sourced from the Chengdu Must Bio-technology Co., Ltd (Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China). Betaine (98%), nonanedioic acid (99.5%), succinic acid (90%), allantoin (98.5%), rutin (95%), β-sitosterol (95%) and 5-hydroxymethyl furaldehyde (99%) were sourced from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). β-ecdysterone was sourced from J&K Scientific Ltd (Beijing, China).

Aspirin was purchased from by Bayer HealthCare with the batch number of J20130078). Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kits including Rat interleukin 1 (IL-1), Rat S-100B protein, Rat nuclear factorκB (NF-κB), Rat neuron specific enolase (NSE), Rat high sensitive C reactive protein (HS-CRP), Rat estradiol (E2), Rat tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Rat D-dimmer (D2D), were purchased from Nanjing Senbeijia Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Trizol was purchased from Invitrogen. Anti-AKT, Anti-PI3K, and Anti-β-actin antibody was all purchased from Abcam. All durgs (purity assay by HPLC ≥ 98%, power) including compounds of Emodin, Ginsenoside Rg1, Ginsenoside Rb1, Notoginsenoside R1, Baicalein, Geniposide, β-asarone, Taurine, Paeoniflorin, Paeonol, Apigenin, Rhein, and Catalpol, were purchased from Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Co., Ltd.

LOS samples of 101 production batches were provided by Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group (Taizhou, China). The relationship between the production batch number and self-numbering of the sample is shown in Table S1.
Standards of epigoitrin (purity > 99.0%, catalog no: A0529), geniposide (purity > 99.0%, catalog no: A0178) and baicalin (purity > 98.0%, catalog no: A0016) were purchased from Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). HPLC-grade methanol, acetonitrile and phosphoric acid were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Deionized water was purified by a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
The murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line and ZQ-120 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) were purchased from Shanghai Zhong Qiao Xin Zhou Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). NO assay kits (S0021) were provided by Beyotime (Nanjing, China). The phosphate-buffered solution was obtained from Labgic Technology Co., Ltd. (Hefei, China). LPS was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA).