Hplc grade formic acid

Manufactured by CNW Technologies

Sourced in Germany

HPLC-grade formic acid is a highly purified form of formic acid used as a mobile phase additive in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) applications. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. HPLC-grade formic acid is designed to meet the stringent requirements of HPLC analysis, providing consistent performance and reliable results.

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5 protocols using hplc grade formic acid

Quantitative Analysis of Herbal Compound

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The herbal portions of QSP, including, Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Caulis Sinomenii, Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, Artificial Moschus, and Artificial Bovis Calculus were purchased from Shanghai Kangqiao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Standards of GA (110831-201003, >98%), SIN (110774-200507, >98%), TET (110711-200708, >98%), FAN (110793-200605, >98%), BER-HCl (110713-200911, >98%), PAL-HCl (110732-200907, >86%), AST-IV (110781-200613, >98%), and CA (100078-200414, >98%) were provided by the Chinese National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China). Standards of CCS (120628, >98%), CCSG (121219, >97%), SEI (120728, >96%), ONO (120531, >98%), 5-O-M (120620, >98%), DAI (120829, >98%), FOR (120227, >98%), SEA (120828, >96%), and AST-III (120615, >98%) were purchased from Sichuan Weikeqi Biotech Co., Ltd. (Sichuan, China). Standards for THPB (10421-201207, >98%), TET (110711-200708, >98%), and THP (20302-201204, >98%) were purchased from Nanchang Beta Biotech Co., Ltd. (Nan chang, China).
HPLC-grade methanol was obtained from Dikma Technologies Inc. (USA). Formic acid (HPLC-grade) was purchased from CNW Technologies GmbH (Düsseldorf, Germany). Deionized water was purified using the Milli-Q Reagent Water System (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). All other reagents were of analytical grade.

Zhang Z., Li Q., Li Q., Du S., Zhou Y., Lv C., Zhao Y., Wang Y, & Zhang N. (2014). Simultaneous determination of nineteen major components in Qi She Pill by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 4(5), 384-393.

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Metabolomic Profiling of Serum and Feces

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All the serum and feces samples were analyzed by 1290 UHPLC (Agilent Technologies, California, USA) coupled with Thermo Q Exactive Focus (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Massachusetts, USA) platform by Biotree Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Briefly, samples were analyzed in both positive and negative ion mode. Mobile phase A used in positive ion mode was 0.1% formic acid in water, and in negative mode it was 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate in water. Mobile phase B was acetonitrile. The elution gradient was set as follows: 1% B at 1 min, 99% B at 8 min, 99% B at 10 min, and 1% B at 10.1 min, 1% B at 12 min. The flow rate was set to 0.5 mL/min. The Q Exactive mass spectrometer was run at the spray voltage of 4.0 kV in positive mode and −3.6 kV in negative mode, respectively. Other ESI source conditions were as follows: sheath gas flow rate of 45 Arb, Aux gas flow rate of 15 Arb, and capillary temperature of 400°C. All the MS1 and MS2 data were obtained in the control of Xcalibur (Thermo Scientific). UPLC HSS T3 column (Waters, Massachusetts, USA) was used for all analysis. The organic reagents, including methanol, acetonitrile and formic acid (HPLC grade) were purchased from CNW technologies (Dusseldorf, Germany).

He J., Chan T., Hong X., Zheng F., Zhu C., Yin L., Dai W., Tang D., Liu D, & Dai Y. (2020). Microbiome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Disruption of Lipid Metabolism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 1703.

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Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity

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Gallic acid, rutin, toluidine blue, DNS reagent, cephalexin, and ampicillin were purchased from Yuanye Biotechnology Co. (Shanghai, China). Acarbose, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (PNPG), 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS), and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, glacial acetic acid, ferric chloride, anhydrous sodium carbonate, potassium persulfate, sodium acetate, aluminum nitrate, sodium nitrite, and other regents were obtained from Bodi Chemical Co. (Tianjin, China). HPLC-grade formic acid, acetonitrile, and methanol were bought from CNW Technologies GmbH (Duesseldorf, Germany).

Jiang F., Li M., Huang L., Wang H., Bai Z., Niu L, & Zhang Y. (2024). Metabolite Profiling and Biological Activity Assessment of Paeonia ostii Anthers and Pollen Using UPLC-QTOF-MS. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(10), 5462.

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HPLC-based Azoxymethane Analysis

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Azoxymethane was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). HPLC-grade acetonitrile was purchased from Honeywell Burdick and Jackson (Morristown, NJ, USA) and HPLC-grade methanol was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Atlanta, GA, USA). HPLC-grade formic acid was purchased from CNW Technologies GmbH (Dusseldorf, Germany). Physiological saline (0.9%) was purchased from Shijiazhuang No. 4 Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shijiazhuang, China). All aqueous solutions were prepared with ultrapure water produced with a Milli-Q system (18.2 MΩ, Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).

Bi W., Liu H., Shen J., Zhang L.H., Li P., Peng B., Cao L., Zhang P., He C, & Xiao P. (2017). Chemopreventive effects of Ku-jin tea against AOM-induced precancerous colorectal lesions in rats and metabolomic analysis. Scientific Reports, 7, 15893.

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Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in FZHY Tablets

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Osalmid was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA) for use as the internal standard (IS). Schisandrin (7432‐28‐2), schisandrin A (61281‐38‐7), schisantherin A (58546‐56‐8), amygdalin (29883‐15‐6), genistein (446‐72‐0), 3,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde (139‐85‐5) and daidzein (111502‐200402) were purchased from the China Institute for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China). Prunasin (99‐18‐3) was purchased from Shanghai Standard Technical Service Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China).
The purity of all reference standards was ≥99.5%. Ultrapure water was obtained from a Milli‐Q Academic System (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). HPLC‐grade acetonitrile and methanol were purchased from Fisher Scientific Co. (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). HPLC‐grade formic acid was obtained from CNW Technologies GmbH (Düsseldorf, Germany). All other chemicals were analytical reagents.
FZHY recipe tablets (lot no. S190901) were prepared and provided by Shanghai Huanghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). According to the human dosage in clinical practice (80 mg/kg/day) and the human–dog coefficient of skin surface area, FZHY tablets were suspended in distilled water and administered orally at doses of 400 and 1,200 mg/kg (human equivalent dose).

Wang Y., Yang M., Li R., Hu Y., Pan Y, & Yang T. (2022). Simultaneous determination of eight analytes of Fuzheng Huayu recipe in beagle dog plasma by UHPLC–Q/exactive Orbitrap HRMS and its application to toxicokinetics. Biomedical Chromatography, 36(4), e5329.

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