Ibuprofen (99.3% of purity, white crystalline powder) was purchased from Spectrum chemicals (New Brunswick, NJ, USA). All the lipid excipients Gelucire® 44/14, Gelucire® 48/16, Gelucire® 50/13, Transcutol® HP, and Maisine® CC were kindly gifted by Gattefosse (Paramus, NJ, USA). The solid adsorbent carriers Neusilin® US2 was gifted by Fuji chemical industries (Burlington, NJ, USA), Starch 1500® (partially pregelatinized maize starch) was donated by Colorcon (Harleysville, PA), and Avicel PH® 102 (microcrystalline cellulose) was donated by FMC Biopolymer (Philadelphia, PA, USA). All the disintegrants AC-DI-SOL®, Sodium starch glycolate, and Kollidon-CL® were donated by FMC Biopolymer (Philadelphia, PA, USA), Roquette (Geneva, IL, USA), and BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany), respectively. The Slide-A-LyzerTM mini dialysis device with a molecular weight of 10 kDa was procured from ThermoFisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA). All other chemicals and solvents utilized in the current investigation are of analytical grade.
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