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Hematoxylin eosin

Manufactured by Bio-Optica
Sourced in Italy

Hematoxylin-eosin is a common staining solution used in histology and pathology laboratories. It consists of two dyes, hematoxylin and eosin, which selectively stain different cellular components. Hematoxylin stains cell nuclei blue, while eosin stains cytoplasm and other structures pink or red. This staining technique provides a clear contrast between cellular structures, allowing for the identification and examination of tissue samples.

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16 protocols using hematoxylin eosin

1

Rat Brain Tumor Histological Analysis

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Rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection with a mixture of Zoletil 100 (Virbac) and Rometar (Bioveta) at a ratio of 1:4 (10 mg/kg) and transcardially perfused with 10 ml cold 0.9% NaCl saline followed by 20 ml cold fixative (4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2). The brains were immediately removed and post-fixed for 12 h at 4°C in fresh buffered 4% paraformaldehyde. After rinsing, the brains were processed and embedded in paraffin, according to standard embedding techniques. Coronal cuts of the paraffin-embedded brain were made until the tumor was exposed, after which 7-µm slices were obtained using a microtome. All three areas of interest (tumor, near-tumor area and symmetric area of the opposite hemisphere) were present on each slide. The near-tumor area was defined as the 200-µm of tissue around the tumor edge. Paraffin-embedded brain sections (7 µm) were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (Bio Optica, Milano, Italy), according to the standard procedure for morphological tissue analysis.
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2

Histopathological Evaluation of Myocardial Lesions

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All of the specimens were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. To visualize myocardial lesions at different levels, the entire heart was cut into four segments from apex to the base. The segments were embedded in paraffin and 4-µm thickness cross-sections were cut from each segment.
The slides were stained with Hematoxylin–Eosin (Bio-optica, Milano, Italy) for the evaluation of the tissues’ histological features. The slides were examined under light microscope for myonecrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and edema. A minimum of 10 fields for each slide were examined and graded for severity of changes using scores on a scale of severe (+ + +), moderate (+ +), mild (+), and nil (−) (16 (link)).
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3

Histological Analysis of Glandular Tissues

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Glandular tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin at room temperature for 24 hours. Then glandular tissues were embedded in paraffin and serially sectioned into 4–5 μm thick paraffin sections. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (Bio Optica, Italy) using standard protocols. Sections were observed under the light microscope (Olympus BX46, Japan). The focus score in the gland was determined by the number of lymphocytic foci [21 (link)].
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4

Histological Analysis of Cultured Specimens

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For LM, cultured specimens (7 and 14 days) were fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde (Diapath S.P.A) embedded in paraffin (AppliChem GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany), sectioned to a thickness of 5–6 µm and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (Bio-Optica S.P.A., Milano, Italy) for routine histological examination. The sections were dewaxed in xylene (Carlo Erba Reagents, Val-de-Reuil, France) and rehydrated through a graded series of ethanol (Carlo Erba Reagents).
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5

Hepatic Collagen Deposition Analysis

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Liver sections were cut to 6 μm and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (Bio-Optica). To access collagen deposition, sections were stained with Sirius Red (saturated picric acid containing 0.1% direct red and 0.1% Fast green FCF, Sigma). Five Sirius Red-stained slides per mouse were generated, with six 10x pictures taken randomly per slide for a total of 30 images per mouse. The images were analyzed for Sirius Red-positive area using ImageJ program. Five mice per experimental group were used for collagen quantification.
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6

Confocal Microscopy and Neurodegeneration Analysis

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Brain preparations for confocal microscopy were prepared according to the method [33 (link)]. A series of images were obtained using a Leica TCS SP5 microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) with a built-in 35-mW argon laser at a wavelength of 488 nm. The shooting parameters were an optical thickness of 2 µm and image resolution of 1024 × 1024 and 40× (oil) objective. The cells number of interneurons (IN), belonging to the cholinergic neurons (CN), was counted on 3D projections in Leica Application Suite X and ImageJ.
The total neurodegeneration level was assessed in paraffin brain sections. Fly heads were fixed in 3.7% paraformaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) for 24 h, embedded in paraffin, and 6 μm brain slices were stained with hematoxylin/eosin (Bio Optica, Milano, Italy). The paraffin slices were examined using a Leica DM 2500 microscope. To estimate the extend of degeneration, we calculated the ratio between areas free of cells and the total area of the brain.
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7

Histological Analysis of Mucosal Tissue

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Serial paraffin sections (5 μm thick) of each sample were cut with a semiautomatic microtome Galileo semi-series 2 (Diapath S.p.A., Bergamo, Italy). Alternate sections were deparaffinized, rehydrated, and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (Bio Optica, Milan, Italy) according to the standard procedure and then were observed with an optical light microscope (Olympus BX50 microscope, Hamburg, Germany, RRID:SCR_018838) at a final magnification of 100×. Digitally fixed images of mucosal tunica were analyzed using an image analyzer (Image Pro-Plus, Milan, Italy, RRID:SCR_016879).
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8

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mouse Kidneys and Human Pancreas

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Explanted mouse kidneys and samples from human pancreas were fixed in 10% formalin (Sigma), paraffin-embedded and processed for immunohistochemical analysis. Kidney sections were marked with hematoxylin–eosin (Bio-Optica, Milan, Italy), and pancreas sections from organ donor were stained with monoclonal antibody anti-CD30 (Clone Ber-H2, Dako, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA), and counterstained with hematoxylin. Stained sections were analyzed with color camera, which allows for scanning and digitizing sections with vertical multiple scans at 20x magnification (AperioScanscope, Leica, Wetzlar, Germany).
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9

Histological Analysis of Dentate Gyrus

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Surface of the dentate gyrus, and thickness of the granule cell layer were measured in histological sections. After sacrifice, the brain was dissected, and one hemisphere was fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin (20–24 h), and processed for paraffin-embedding. Sections were cut on a coronal plane at a thickness of 8 μm on a rotary microtome and mounted on clean glass PolysineTM slides (Menzel-Gläser, Germany). Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (Bio-Optica, Italy), according to standard protocol. Each section was documented at 5, 10, and 40× magnification using a Axioskop optical microscope connected with an AxioCam MRc5 color-camera and AxioVision analysis software (Carl Zeiss, Germany). By using the ImageJ software (version 2.0.0-rc-43/1.51k1), contour of the dentate gyrus was manually drawn in 10× images and its area recorded. Thickness of the granule cell layer of the suprapyramidal and of the infrapyramidal blades was based on the average of three measures obtained in proximity of the apex, the mid and the distal parts in each blade.
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10

Histological Analysis of Olfactory Tissues

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The isolated olfactory organ and nerves, or the whole anterior part of the head, were dehydrated in ethanol, paraffin embedded, and 5 µm cut using a microtome, according to standard protocols. The slides were stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin, Masson’s Trichrome, and Azan Trichrome (Bio-Optica, Milano, Italy). The stained sections were observed using a transmitted light microscope Leica DMRB equipped with a Moticam 3+ (Motic Europe, Barcelona, Spain) or through a transmitted light microscopy Olympus BX60 equipped with a Microvisioneer (Esslingen am Neckar, Germany) camera and acquisition software.
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