Methylamine solution (33 wt% in absolute ethanol), PbI2 (99%), and hydroiodic acid (HI) (57 wt% in water, γ‐butyrolactone (GBL, 99%) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich and used as received without further purification. EDTA, Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, 2‐methoxyethanol and ethanolamine were purchased from Alfa Aesar and without any purification.
Hydroiodic acid hi
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany
Hydroiodic acid (HI) is a clear, colorless, and fuming liquid. It is a strong acid that is commonly used in various laboratory applications. HI is a source of iodide ions and is useful for reactions that require an acidic environment.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
γ butyrolactone gbl, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methylamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methylamine solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanolamine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Zn ch3coo 2 2h2o, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (edta), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
2 methoxyethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hypophosphorous acid h3po2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dimension 3100, by Veeco (1 mentions)
Litfsi, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Methylamine ch3nh2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 tert butylpyridine tbp, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Graphite powder, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium bicarbonate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium nitrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium permanganate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hydrogen peroxide 30, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Titanium diisopropoxide bis acetylacetonate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tert butylpyridine tbp, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
7 protocols using hydroiodic acid hi
1
Methylamine-Based Perovskite Synthesis
2
Synthesis of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites
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The 2D Ruddlesden-Popper phase halide perovskite crystals (BA)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n ranging from 1 to 5) were synthesized via a solution precipitation reaction. PbO powders, hydroiodic acid (HI, 57 wt.% in H2O), hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2, 50 wt. % in H2O) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich. Methylammonium iodide (MAI), formamidinium iodide (FAI), n-Butylammonium bromide (BABr), and n-Butylammonium iodide (BAI) were purchased from Greatcell Solar Ltd. All chemicals were used as received. Commercial Scotch tapes (3 M) were used to exfoliate 2D halide perovskite crystals. The mechanical exfoliation was performed in N2-filled glovebox. The thicknesses of the flakes were measured by AFM (Veeco Dimension 3100). More details on the synthesis and sample preparation can be found in Supplementary Note 4 .
3
Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication
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All the solvents and reagents were used as received, including PbI2 (99%, Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), hydroiodic acid (HI, 57 wt% in water, Sigma-Aldrich, Taiwan, China), methylamine (CH3NH2, 33 wt% in ethanol, Sigma-Aldrich), spiro-OMeTAD (Luminescence Technology Corp., Heysham, UK)), lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfon)imide (LiTFSI, Alfa Aesar), 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP, 96%, Sigma-Aldrich). Conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide glasses (FTO, sheet resistance of 15 Ω/ sq. Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Osaka, Japan) were applied as substrates.
4
Synthesis of Energetic Nanomaterials
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Graphite powder, sodium nitrate, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide 30%, hydroiodic acid (HI) 55%, sodium bicarbonate and acetone were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Sulfuric acid 95–98% and glacial acetic acid were purchased from Honeywell Advanced Materials (NJ, USA) and Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), respectively. 5W-40 synthetic multigrade engine oil, provided by Shell Co. (Istanbul, Turkey) (Table 1 ), is fully synthetic, enriched by very low contents (confidential) of some chemical elements such as Ca, Zn, P, S and Mg. Its specifications conform to API SN/CF; ACEA A3/B3, A3/B4; BMW LL-01; MB 229.5, 226.5; VW 502.00/505.00; Porsche A40; Renault RN0700, RN0710; PSA B71 2296, Ferrari; Fiat 9.55535-Z2 and Chrysler MS-10725. High-carbon, high-chromium tool steel specimens alloyed with molybdenum and vanadium were supplied by Uddeholm (Oldbury, West Midlands, UK) (Sverker 21-AISI D2, dimensions: 13 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm, hardness: 210 HB Ball, 100CrMn6 steel ball, d = 8 mm, hardness: 60-66 HRC).
5
Synthesis of Lead Halide Perovskite Materials
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Lead(ii ) iodide (99% PbI2, Sigma-Aldrich), lead chloride (PbCl2, Sigma-Aldrich), hydroiodic acid (HI, 57 wt% in H2O distilled stabilized 99.95% HI, Sigma-Aldrich), hydrochloric acid (37 wt% HCl, Sigma-Aldrich), methylamine (TCI, 40 wt% in water), γ-butyrolactone (GBL, Sigma-Aldrich), acetonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich), toluene (Sigma-Aldrich), mesoscopic TiO2 paste (m-TiO2, Sharechem), titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) (Sigma-Aldrich), Li-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI, Sigma-Aldrich), tert-butylpyridine (t-BP, Sigma-Aldrich), acetonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich), and poly(triarylamine) (PTAA, EM-index) were used as received.
6
Synthesis of Allyl-Substituted Lead Compounds
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All starting materials for synthesis were purchased commercially and were used without further purification, except for Methylamine hydrochloride and Allylamine hydrochloride which were dried in an oven at 70°C. PbO (99.9%), Methylamine hydrochloride ≥ 98% (CH3NH2•HCl = MACl), Hydroiodic acid (HI) (57 wt % in H2O, distilled, stabilized, 99.95%) and Hypophosphorous acid solution (50 wt % in H2O) were purchased and used as received from Sigma-Aldrich. Allylamine hydrochloride (C3H5NH2•HCl = AA + Cl -) (98%) was purchased from TCI America.
7
Synthesis of Methylammonium Iodide
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Lead chloride (CAS No. 6080-56-4) was purchased from SigmaAldrich.
Methylammonium iodide (CH 3 NH 3 I) was prepared by reacting methylamine (33 wt% in ethanol, Sigma-Aldrich) with hydroiodic acid (HI) (57 wt% in water, Sigma-Aldrich) at room temperature. HI was added drop-wise while stirring. Upon drying at 100 ℃, a white powder was formed, which was dried overnight in a vacuum oven and purified with ethanol before use.
Methylammonium iodide (CH 3 NH 3 I) was prepared by reacting methylamine (33 wt% in ethanol, Sigma-Aldrich) with hydroiodic acid (HI) (57 wt% in water, Sigma-Aldrich) at room temperature. HI was added drop-wise while stirring. Upon drying at 100 ℃, a white powder was formed, which was dried overnight in a vacuum oven and purified with ethanol before use.
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