Hyperin

The standard substances of isosakuranetin and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide were purchased from Nanjing Liangwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Hyperin, auicularin, catechin, quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-galactoside and quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-glucoside were supplied by Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Chlorogenic acid was received from Baoji Chenguang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Baoji, China). Isolquercitrin was provided by Chengdu Chroma Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Kaempferitrin was obtained from Chengdu Alfa Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Protocatechuic acid was acquired from Shanghai Winherb Medical Technology Co., Ltd.(Shanghai, China). Quercetrin was purchased from the National Institute for the control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China). Rutin, quercetin, and gallic acid were purchased from the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China). The purity of all compounds was more than 98% determined by HPLC. Formic acid, methanol, and acetonitrile of HPLC grade (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Ultra-pure water was prepared by a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).