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Adda 2

Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in United States

The ADDA II is a high-performance data acquisition and signal conditioning system developed by Philips. It is designed to convert analog signals into digital data for further processing and analysis. The ADDA II features multi-channel capabilities, advanced signal conditioning options, and high-speed data acquisition capabilities. It is a versatile and reliable solution for a wide range of laboratory and industrial applications.

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5 protocols using adda 2

1

SEM Analysis of 3D-Printed Mesh Microstructure

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SEM analysis of 3D-printed meshes was run with freeze-dried samples that were then covered with a gold layer thickness of 15–20 nm using a Balzers SCD 030 metallizer. Images were obtained in a Philips SEM 505 scanning electron microscope and processed in an image digitizer program (Soft Imaging System ADDA II, SIS). Later, the images were analyzed with ImageJ® software (NIH, United States), and the surface roughness was estimated by the standard deviation of grey values in the image histogram (Wang et al., 2005 (link)).
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2

Bordetella Biofilm Visualization by SEM

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Scanning electron microscopy pictures were obtained as described previously by Sisti et al. [12 (link)]. Briefly, Bordetella strains were cultured statically on glass coverslips partially submerged vertically in plastic tubes such that an air-liquid interface was established on the coverslip. After 24 h of incubation, the coverslip was removed and washed with sterile PBS, and the bacteria were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in PBS. Samples were dehydrated in a graded ethanol series (20, 50, 70, 90 and 100% for 60 min each), subjected to critical point drying using liquid carbon dioxide (EMITECH, K850) and sputter coated with gold (SPI Supplies). The surface topographies of the biofilm in A panels were visualized with a scanning electron microscope (ESEM FEI QUANTA 200), and detected with SDD (EDAX Apollo 40) camera. The surface topographies in B panels were visualized with a scanning electron microscope (Philips SEM 505), and the images were processed with the Image Soft Imaging System ADDA II.
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3

Hydrogel Surface Characterization by SEM

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Hydrogel surfaces were coated with gold and their morphology was examined using SEM (Phillips 505, Holland), with an accelerating voltage of 20 kV. Images were analyzed by Soft Imaging System ADDAII. % Porosity and surface pore size were measured using free Image J software.
Images for macroscopic observation were taken with a Nikon D3400 camera.
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4

Polymer Scaffold Characterization Protocols

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The molecular weight distribution and the average molecular weights were determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) using a LKB-2249 instrument at 25 °C. A series of four μ-Styragel columns, ranging in pore size 10 5 , 10 4 , 10 3 , 100 Å, was used with chloroform as an eluent. The sample concentration was 4-5 mg mL -1 and the flow rate was 0.5 mL min -1 . The polymer was detected by the carbonylic absorption of the ester group (5.75 μm), using an infrared detector (Miram 1A Infrared Analyzer) and the calibration was done with poly(methyl methacrylate) standard supplied by Polymer Laboratories and Polysciences.
The fractured sections of the scaffolds were obtained in liquid nitrogen using a razor blade, immediately afterward they were sputter with gold and their morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Phillips 505, The Netherlands), with an accelerating voltage of 20 kV. The images were analyzed using Soft Imaging System ADDAII. The scaffolds surface was also examined by SEM.
Glass transition temperatures (T g ) were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (Shimadzu-TA60). Samples (≈5 mg) were weighed and scanned at 10 °C min -1 from -30 to 150 °C under dry nitrogen (30 mL min -1 ). Three consecutive scans were performed for each sample: heating/cooling/heating.
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5

SEM Characterization of Freeze-dried Microspheres

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Freeze-dried microspheres were prepared for SEM observation by sputtering the surface with gold using Balzers SCD 030 metalizer and obtaining layer thickness between 15 and 20 nm. Surface and morphology of microspheres were observed using Philips SEM 505 model (Rochester, USA), and processed by an image digitalizer program (Soft Imaging System ADDA II (SIS)).
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